基于国家数据的横断面研究：比较中国急诊医师与一般人群的抑郁症状。

Comparison of depressive symptoms among emergency physicians and the general population in China: a cross-sectional study based on national data.

机构信息

Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.

School of Nursing, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.

出版信息

Hum Resour Health. 2024 Oct 25;22(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s12960-024-00952-7.

DOI:10.1186/s12960-024-00952-7

PMID:39455956

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11515197/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

While physicians are considered to be more susceptible to developing depressive symptoms, empirical data are lacking. The study aims to compare the risk of depressive symptoms between emergency physicians and the general population in China based on national data.

METHODS

This was a national cross-sectional study. 10 457 emergency physicians and 101 120 participants from the general population were investigated from July 2018 to August 2018 and January 2019 to February 2019, respectively. PHQ-9 was used to measure depressive symptoms, and a score ≥ 10 indicates major depression. Propensity score matching was adopted to balance the characteristics between emergency physicians and the general population. Multinomial logistic regression model was used to examine the association between occupational groups and the severity of depressive symptoms. Binary logistic regression model was performed to explore the risk factors of major depression among emergency physicians.

RESULTS

The prevalence of major depression among emergency physicians was 35.7%, whereas among the general population was 13.9%. Emergency physicians had a 3.65 times higher risk of major depression than the general population. And emergency physician was significantly associated with mild (OR: 3.12, 95% CI 2.95-3.30), moderate (OR: 4.94, 95% CI 4.60-5.30), moderately severe (OR: 9.48, 95% CI 8.61-10.44), and severe depressive symptoms (OR: 14.18, 95% CI 12.47-16.13) compared with none depressive symptoms. Even after matching, the results remained consistent. Factors associated with major depression among emergency physicians included bachelor degree or above (OR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.06-1.40), worked long years (OR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.08-1.46 for 1-5 years; OR: 1.56, 95% CI 1.32-1.84 for ≥ 6 years), experienced workplace violence (OR: 2.51, 95% CI 2.16-2.94), worked more night shifts per month (OR: 1.33, 95% CI 1.16-1.51 for 6-10 times; OR: 1.83, 95% CI 1.58-2.11 for ≥ 11 times), smoked (OR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.47-1.84), and effort-reward imbalance (OR: 4.18, 95% CI 3.62-4.85).

CONCLUSIONS

Emergency physicians had a higher risk of depressive symptoms than the general population. There is a need for greater awareness of the mental health issues faced by emergency physicians.

摘要

背景

尽管医生被认为更容易出现抑郁症状，但实证数据仍有所欠缺。本研究旨在基于全国数据，比较中国的急诊医生和一般人群出现抑郁症状的风险。

方法

这是一项全国性的横断面研究。分别于 2018 年 7 月至 8 月和 2019 年 1 月至 2 月，对 10457 名急诊医生和 101120 名来自一般人群的参与者进行了调查。采用 PHQ-9 量表衡量抑郁症状，得分≥10 表示患有重度抑郁症。采用倾向评分匹配来平衡急诊医生和一般人群之间的特征。采用多项逻辑回归模型来检验职业类别与抑郁症状严重程度之间的关联。采用二元逻辑回归模型来探讨急诊医生患重度抑郁症的风险因素。

结果

急诊医生重度抑郁症的患病率为 35.7%，而一般人群为 13.9%。与一般人群相比，急诊医生患重度抑郁症的风险高 3.65 倍。并且，急诊医生与轻度（OR：3.12，95%CI 2.95-3.30）、中度（OR：4.94，95%CI 4.60-5.30）、中度严重（OR：9.48，95%CI 8.61-10.44）和重度抑郁症状（OR：14.18，95%CI 12.47-16.13）显著相关，与无抑郁症状相比。即使在匹配后，结果仍然一致。与急诊医生重度抑郁症相关的因素包括本科及以上学历（OR：1.22，95%CI 1.06-1.40）、工作年限长（OR：1.26，95%CI 1.08-1.46，工作 1-5 年；OR：1.56，95%CI 1.32-1.84，工作≥6 年）、经历工作场所暴力（OR：2.51，95%CI 2.16-2.94）、每月夜班次数较多（OR：1.33，95%CI 1.16-1.51，6-10 次；OR：1.83，95%CI 1.58-2.11，≥11 次）、吸烟（OR：1.64，95%CI 1.47-1.84）和付出-回报失衡（OR：4.18，95%CI 3.62-4.85）。