College of Nursing, Michigan State University, United States.
Michigan State University, United States.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2021 Jan-Feb;56:80-89. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.09.008. Epub 2020 Nov 13.
Efficacy beliefs have been suggested to protect children from many risky health behaviors. However, the relationships between parent-child dyads' coping and efficacy beliefs are not clear. Therefore, this study examined the relationships between parent-child dyads' coping patterns and their association with collective family efficacy, adolescent filial efficacy, parenting efficacy, family satisfaction, depressive symptoms, and parents' perceived adolescent health risks.
Guided by the Bandura's efficacy framework, we surveyed 158 parent-adolescent dyads from the midwestern U.S. on coping, collective family efficacy, adolescent filial efficacy, family satisfaction, parenting efficacy, depressive symptoms, and parent perceived adolescent health risks. Descriptive statistics, bivariate correlations, multiple regression, and path modeling were performed.
Parent-adolescent dyads spiritual coping was positively correlated, but other coping subscales were not. The path models revealed that adolescents collective family and filial efficacy were positively related to their overall coping. Adolescent family satisfaction both directly and indirectly protected adolescents from depressive symptoms. Parents' parenting efficacy and family satisfaction were directly and indirectly associated with lower parents' perceived adolescent health risks.
It seems that parents' constructive coping mechanisms were more collective-focused, while adolescents' coping strategies were more individual-focused (venting and humor). Promoting parent-adolescent dyads' efficacy beliefs could enhance their coping strategies and minimize depressive symptoms and adolescent health risks. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE: adolescents' collective coping mechanisms (self-reliance and family problem solving) can be promoted within the family context. In fact, when helping adolescents develop family problem solving skills, it is important to consider parents' ability/efficacy and their emotional status.
有研究表明，效能信念可以保护儿童免受许多危险的健康行为的影响。然而，亲子双方应对方式和效能信念之间的关系尚不清楚。因此，本研究考察了亲子双方应对模式之间的关系及其与集体家庭效能、青少年孝顺效能、父母效能、家庭满意度、抑郁症状和父母感知青少年健康风险之间的关联。
本研究以班杜拉的效能框架为指导，对美国中西部的 158 对亲子进行了调查，调查内容包括应对方式、集体家庭效能、青少年孝顺效能、家庭满意度、父母效能、抑郁症状和父母感知青少年健康风险。采用描述性统计、双变量相关、多元回归和路径建模进行分析。
亲子双方的精神应对呈正相关，但其他应对子量表之间没有相关性。路径模型显示，青少年的集体家庭和孝顺效能与其整体应对呈正相关。青少年的家庭满意度既能直接又能间接保护青少年免受抑郁症状的影响。父母的育儿效能和家庭满意度直接和间接地与父母感知青少年健康风险的降低有关。
似乎父母的建设性应对机制更注重集体，而青少年的应对策略更注重个人（倾诉和幽默）。增强亲子双方的效能信念可以增强他们的应对策略，减少抑郁症状和青少年健康风险。
可以在家庭环境中促进青少年的集体应对机制（自力更生和解决家庭问题）。实际上，在帮助青少年发展解决家庭问题的技能时，重要的是要考虑父母的能力/效能和他们的情绪状态。
