Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Clin Interv Aging. 2020 Nov 10;15:2129-2143. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S274318. eCollection 2020.
There is an aging population all over the world, and Saudi Arabia is no exception to it. An aging population poses several challenges to the health-care sector.
The aim of this study was to examine the health status and functional abilities of elderly people visiting primary health-care centers in Khamis Mushait, Saudi Arabia.
This cross-sectional study involved elderly male Saudi nationals aged 60 years and above. Self-rated health status and body pain, functional status, geriatric review of systems and other relevant data were collected using the Geriatric Health Questionnaire of University of Iowa Health Care. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21.
The study results showed that the overall health of the elderly was either good (32.9%) or very good (32.3%), while 14.2% rated their health as excellent. Only two participants rated their health as poor. The majority of the participants (71.9%) had no functional impairment in basic activities of daily living (BADL), while 35.7% had mild impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Only two participants were found to have total impairment in IADL. The most common limitation among BADL was walking (21.1%) and among IADL was doing the housework. The notable factors associated with functional impairment in BADL and IADL were old age (≥80 years), poor eyesight, memory impairment, having trouble with control of bladder, falls twice or more, taking more than two medications, being sexually inactive, poor self-rated general health and severe self-rated body pain (all <0.05) among others.
The majority of the elderly were able to perform BADL independently and to a lesser extent IADL; the overall self-rated general health was found to be good. Further research in the field of geriatrics is warranted to plan better, and design public health policies and provide efficient care to elderly patients.
全球人口老龄化，沙特阿拉伯也不例外。人口老龄化给医疗保健领域带来了诸多挑战。
本研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯哈米斯·穆谢特初级保健中心老年患者的健康状况和功能能力。
本横断面研究纳入沙特籍 60 岁及以上老年男性。采用爱荷华大学卫生保健老年健康问卷收集自我评估健康状况和身体疼痛、功能状态、老年医学审查系统和其他相关数据。所有统计分析均采用 SPSS 版本 21。
研究结果显示，老年人的整体健康状况要么良好（32.9%），要么非常好（32.3%），14.2%的人认为自己的健康状况极佳。只有两名参与者认为自己的健康状况较差。大多数参与者（71.9%）在基本日常生活活动（BADL）中没有功能障碍，而 35.7%在工具性日常生活活动（IADL）中有轻度障碍。只有两名参与者被发现 IADL 完全受损。BADL 中最常见的限制是行走（21.1%），而 IADL 中最常见的限制是做家务。与 BADL 和 IADL 功能障碍相关的显著因素包括高龄（≥80 岁）、视力差、记忆障碍、控制膀胱有困难、跌倒两次或更多次、服用两种或更多种药物、性功能障碍、自我评估总体健康状况差和严重的身体疼痛自评（均<0.05）等。
大多数老年人能够独立完成 BADL，在较小程度上能够完成 IADL；总体自我评估的一般健康状况良好。需要进一步开展老年医学领域的研究，以更好地规划、设计公共卫生政策，并为老年患者提供高效的护理。
