Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Veiga de Almeida, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Oral Surgery Department, Universidade Iguaçu, Nova Iguaçu, RJ, Brazil.
Int J Nanomedicine. 2020 Nov 10;15:8803-8817. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S280957. eCollection 2020.
The success rates of dental implants in low-density bone have been reported as a challenge, especially for early or immediate loading in the maxilla posterior area. Nanoscale architecture affects the roughness, surface area, surface energy of the implant and can enhance osseointegration. This study aimed to evaluate the implant-surface topography and biomechanical, histomorphometric, and histological bone responses to a new nanostructured hydroxyapatite surface placed in the iliac crest of sheep.
Ten female sheep (2-4 years) received 30 implants (n=10/group): HAnano coated (Epikut Plus, S.I.N. Implant System, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil), SLActive (BLX, Straumann, Basel, Switzerland), and TiUnite (NobelActive, Nobel Biocare, Göteborg, Sweden) surfaces. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy evaluated the implant surface topography, the insertion torque value, and resonance frequency analysis evaluated the primary stability, bone-implant contact, and bone-area fraction occupancy were evaluated after 14 and 28 days after implant placement.
The surface morphology was considerably comparable between the implant groups'; however, the TiUnite group presented a remarkable different surface. The SLActive and TiUnite groups presented an insertion torque average of 74 (±8.9) N/cm that was similar to that of HAnano 72 (±8.3) N/cm (p >0.05). The resonance frequency evaluated with Osstell/SmartPeg or Penguin/MulTipeg showed similar results when assessing implants from the same group. BIC and BAFO significantly increased (p<0.05) throughout the experimental periods to all groups, but BIC and BAFO values were similar among the implants at the same time point. After 4 weeks, bone-implant contact was higher than 80% of the total length analyzed. New bone occupies around 60% of analyzed area around the implants.
HAnano coated surface promoted comparable osseointegration as SLActive and TiUnite in the sheep model. The three tested surfaces showed comparable osseointegration at the early stages of low-density bone repair in the sheep model.
在低骨密度区域，牙种植体的成功率一直是一个挑战，尤其是在上颌后区的早期或即刻负载。纳米级结构会影响种植体的粗糙度、表面积、表面能，并能增强骨整合。本研究旨在评估新型纳米结构羟基磷灰石表面在绵羊髂嵴中的种植体表面形貌以及生物力学、组织形态计量学和组织学骨反应。
10 只雌性绵羊（2-4 岁）接受了 30 个种植体（n=10/组）：HAnano 涂层（Epikut Plus，S.I.N. Implant System，Sao Paulo，SP，巴西）、SLActive（BLX，Straumann，Basel，瑞士）和 TiUnite（NobelActive，Nobel Biocare，Gothenburg，瑞典）表面。扫描电子显微镜和能量色散光谱评估种植体表面形貌，插入扭矩值和共振频率分析评估初始稳定性、骨-种植体接触和骨面积分数。种植体植入后 14 天和 28 天进行评估。
各组种植体表面形貌差异无统计学意义，但 TiUnite 组表面形态明显不同。SLActive 和 TiUnite 组的平均插入扭矩为 74（±8.9）N/cm，与 HAnano 组的 72（±8.3）N/cm 相似（p>0.05）。使用 Osstell/SmartPeg 或 Penguin/MulTipeg 评估的共振频率在评估同一组的种植体时，结果相似。BIC 和 BAFO 在整个实验期间均显著增加（p<0.05），但在同一时间点，各组种植体的 BIC 和 BAFO 值相似。4 周后，骨-种植体接触率高于分析总长度的 80%。新骨占据了种植体周围分析区域的 60%左右。
HAnano 涂层表面在绵羊模型中促进了与 SLActive 和 TiUnite 相当的骨整合。在绵羊模型低骨密度修复的早期阶段，三种测试表面显示出相当的骨整合。
