Omotayo Abiodun Olusola
Food Security Niche Area, North West University, Mafikeng Campus, South Africa.
Heliyon. 2020 Nov 6;6(11):e05433. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05433. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Food intake and health are important component of agriculture. The contribution of these duo have a lot to say about the productivity of farmers in the nations of the world. The results presented here relied on data collected on households' food intake nutrition and health profile through multistage random sampling of 420 households selected from the Southwest, Nigeria using well-structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean) and inferential statistics (Logistic regression and Negative Binomial). The result shows that the farmers were ageing, given an average of (53 ± 11.44 years). The Logistic regression model of the effect of farming households food intake on health showed that gender of the households' head, marital states of the head, household food security and knowledge of nutrition significantly reduced the probability of reporting good health while the educational year(s) of the farmers, total cost of health and consumption of fruit increased it. In addition, the Negative Binomial Regression model, employed in the assessment of the effect of farming households' nutrition on health indicated that gender, marital status, and consumption of milk and total cost of health significantly increased day(s) incapacitated while the year(s) of education reduced it. It was therefore concluded that diversity of food intake among the farmers was low. Ageing, education and large household size among others, were also identified as major problem among the rural farmers. It was however recommended that considerable investment in human capital should be encouraged since food diversity and nutrition education enhances households' food intake and health status.
食物摄入与健康是农业的重要组成部分。这两者的作用对于世界各国农民的生产力有着重要意义。此处呈现的结果依赖于通过多阶段随机抽样收集的数据，这些数据来自于从尼日利亚西南部选取的420户家庭，采用了结构完善的问卷，内容涉及家庭食物摄入营养和健康状况。运用了描述性统计（百分比、频率、均值）和推断性统计（逻辑回归和负二项式）。结果显示，农民的平均年龄为（53 ± 11.44岁），呈老龄化趋势。关于农户食物摄入对健康影响的逻辑回归模型表明，户主的性别、婚姻状况、家庭粮食安全以及营养知识显著降低了报告健康状况良好的概率，而农民的受教育年限、医疗总费用和水果消费量则增加了这一概率。此外，用于评估农户营养对健康影响的负二项式回归模型表明，性别、婚姻状况、牛奶消费量和医疗总费用显著增加了丧失劳动能力的天数，而受教育年限则降低了这一天数。因此得出结论，农民的食物摄入多样性较低。老龄化、教育程度和家庭规模较大等问题也被认定为农村农民面临的主要问题。然而，建议鼓励对人力资本进行大量投资，因为食物多样性和营养教育能够提高家庭的食物摄入量和健康状况。
