Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jerry H. Hodge School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 1300 S. Coulter Street, Amarillo, TX, 79106, USA.
Dept. of Foundational Medical Studies, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Office 415, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA.
Fluids Barriers CNS. 2020 Nov 18;17(1):69. doi: 10.1186/s12987-020-00230-3.
The blood-brain barrier is playing a critical role in controlling the influx and efflux of biological substances essential for the brain's metabolic activity as well as neuronal function. Thus, the functional and structural integrity of the BBB is pivotal to maintain the homeostasis of the brain microenvironment. The different cells and structures contributing to developing this barrier are summarized along with the different functions that BBB plays at the brain-blood interface. We also explained the role of shear stress in maintaining BBB integrity. Furthermore, we elaborated on the clinical aspects that correlate between BBB disruption and different neurological and pathological conditions. Finally, we discussed several biomarkers that can help to assess the BBB permeability and integrity in-vitro or in-vivo and briefly explain their advantages and disadvantages.
血脑屏障在控制流入和流出大脑代谢活动以及神经元功能所必需的生物物质方面发挥着关键作用。因此，BBB 的功能和结构完整性对于维持脑微环境的稳态至关重要。本文总结了形成血脑屏障的不同细胞和结构，以及 BBB 在脑-血界面上发挥的不同功能。我们还解释了切应力在维持 BBB 完整性方面的作用。此外，我们详细阐述了 BBB 破坏与不同神经和病理状况之间的临床相关性。最后，我们讨论了几种可以帮助评估体外或体内 BBB 通透性和完整性的生物标志物，并简要说明了它们的优缺点。
