Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov 17;21(22):8670. doi: 10.3390/ijms21228670.
Previous evidence from in vivo and observational research suggested how dietary factors might affect DNA methylation signatures involved in obesity risk. However, findings from experimental studies are still scarce and, if present, not so clear. The current review summarizes studies investigating the effect of dietary interventions on DNA methylation in the general population and especially in people at risk for or with obesity. Overall, these studies suggest how dietary interventions may induce DNA methylation changes, which in turn are likely related to the risk of obesity and to different response to weight loss programs. These findings might explain the high interindividual variation in weight loss after a dietary intervention, with some people losing a lot of weight while others much less so. However, the interactions between genetic, epigenetic, environmental and lifestyle factors make the whole framework even more complex and further studies are needed to support the hypothesis of personalized interventions against obesity.
先前的体内和观察性研究证据表明，饮食因素可能如何影响与肥胖风险相关的 DNA 甲基化特征。然而，实验研究的结果仍然很少，如果存在，也不是那么清楚。本综述总结了研究饮食干预对普通人群，特别是肥胖风险人群或肥胖人群 DNA 甲基化影响的研究。总的来说，这些研究表明饮食干预如何诱导 DNA 甲基化变化，而这些变化可能与肥胖风险以及对减肥计划的不同反应有关。这些发现可以解释为什么在饮食干预后体重减轻的个体差异很大，有些人体重减轻很多，而有些人则减轻很少。然而，遗传、表观遗传、环境和生活方式因素之间的相互作用使整个框架更加复杂，需要进一步的研究来支持针对肥胖的个性化干预的假设。
