Hoe Connie, Taber Niloufer, Champagne Sarah, Bachani Abdulgafoor M
Johns Hopkins International Injury Research Unit, Department of International Health, Health Systems Program, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Health Policy Plan. 2021 Feb 16;35(10):1328-1338. doi: 10.1093/heapol/czaa097.
Drink-driving is a major cause of global road traffic fatalities, yet few countries have laws that meet international best practices. One possible reason is the alcohol industry's opposition to meaningful policies that are perceived to directly threaten sales. Our primary objectives are to document alcohol industry involvement in global road safety policies and programmes and to critically evaluate the responses of public health and road safety communities to this involvement. Under the guidance of the Policy Dystopia Model, we used a mixed methods approach in which data were gathered from expert interviews and a mapping review of 11 databases, 5 watchdog websites and 7 alcohol industry-sponsored initiatives. Triangulation was used to identify points of convergence among data sources. A total of 20 expert interviews and 94 documents were analysed. Our study showed that the alcohol industry acknowledges that drink-driving is an issue but argues for solutions that would limit impact on sales, akin to the message 'drink-but do not drive'. Industry actors have been involved in road safety through: (1) coalition coupling and decoupling, (2) information production and management, (3) direct involvement in policymaking and (4) implementation of interventions. Our study also shed light on the lack of cohesion within and among the public health and road safety communities, particularly with regard to the topics of receiving funding from and partnering with the alcohol industry. These results were subsequently used to adapt the Policy Dystopia Model as a conceptual framework that illustrates the ways in which the alcohol industry has been involved in global road safety. Several implications can be drawn from this study, including the urgent need to increase awareness about the involvement of the alcohol industry in road safety and to build a cohesive transnational alcohol control advocacy alliance to curb injuries and deaths related to drink-driving.
酒后驾车是全球道路交通死亡的主要原因，但很少有国家制定符合国际最佳实践的法律。一个可能的原因是酒精行业反对那些被认为会直接威胁其销售的有意义的政策。我们的主要目标是记录酒精行业在全球道路安全政策和项目中的参与情况，并批判性地评估公共卫生和道路安全领域对这种参与的反应。在“政策反乌托邦模型”的指导下，我们采用了混合方法，从专家访谈以及对11个数据库、5个监督网站和7个酒精行业赞助的倡议进行的映射审查中收集数据。采用三角测量法来确定数据源之间的趋同点。总共分析了20次专家访谈和94份文件。我们的研究表明，酒精行业承认酒后驾车是一个问题，但主张采取能限制对销售影响的解决方案，类似于“饮酒但不开车”的信息。行业参与者通过以下方式参与道路安全：（1）联合耦合和解耦；（2）信息生产与管理；（3）直接参与政策制定；（4）干预措施的实施。我们的研究还揭示了公共卫生和道路安全领域内部以及之间缺乏凝聚力的问题，特别是在从酒精行业获得资金以及与酒精行业合作的话题方面。这些结果随后被用于调整“政策反乌托邦模型”，使其成为一个概念框架，说明酒精行业参与全球道路安全的方式。这项研究可以得出几个结论，包括迫切需要提高对酒精行业参与道路安全的认识，并建立一个有凝聚力的跨国酒精控制倡导联盟，以遏制与酒后驾车相关的伤害和死亡。
