Universidad de Chile, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Sección de Gastroenterología, Santiago, Chile.
Servicio de Aparato Digestivo. Hospital Clínico Universitario «Lozano-Blesa», IIS Aragón, Zaragoza, España.
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Mar;44(3):236-242. doi: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2020.09.002. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which are well recognised as chronic systemic and immune-mediated conditions that frequently involve extraintestinal manifestations. Although comorbidities have long been the subject of research in other chronic inflammatory diseases, this concept is also emerging in IBD. Many pathologies have been linked to IBD, including cardiovascular disease, which is the main cause of death in developed countries. IBD patients are at increased risk of conditions such as early atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction or venous thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism. The aim of this review is to make an approximation of the physiopathology of the different manifestations of cardiovascular disease in patients with IBD and how to prevent them.
炎症性肠病（IBD）包括溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病，这两种疾病被公认为是慢性全身性和免疫介导性疾病，常伴有肠外表现。虽然合并症在其他慢性炎症性疾病的研究中由来已久，但这一概念在 IBD 中也逐渐显现。许多病理学与 IBD 相关，包括心血管疾病，这是发达国家的主要死亡原因。IBD 患者患早期动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死或静脉血栓形成和肺血栓栓塞等疾病的风险增加。本文旨在概述 IBD 患者心血管疾病不同表现的病理生理学及其预防方法。
