Department of Family Medicine, Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam.
Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 23;15(11):e0242666. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242666. eCollection 2020.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) being the leading cause of the morbidity and mortality in Vietnam, the objective of this study was to estimate the total 10-year CVD risk among adults aged 40-69 years by utilizing World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk prediction charts in Central Vietnam.
In this cross-sectional study, multi-staged sampling was used to select 938 participants from a general population aged from 40 to 69. The CVD risk factors were then collected throughout the interviews with a standardized questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and a blood test. The cardiovascular risk was calculated using the WHO/ISH risk prediction charts.
According to the WHO/ISH charts, the proportion of moderate risk (10-20%) and high risk (>20%) among the surveyed participants were equal (5.1%). When "blood pressure of more than 160/100 mmHg" was applied, the proportion of moderate risk reduced to 2.3% while the high risk increased markedly to 12.8%. Those proportions were higher in men than in women (at 18.3% and 8.5% respectively, p-value <0.001, among the high-risk group), increasing with age. Male gender, smoking, ethnic minorities, hypertension and diabetes were associated with increased CVD risk.
There was a high burden of CVD risk in Central Vietnam as assessed with the WHO/ISH risk prediction charts, especially in men and among the ethnic minorities. The use of WHO/ISH charts provided a feasible and affordable screening tool in estimating the cardiovascular risk in primary care settings.
心血管疾病（CVD）是越南发病率和死亡率的主要原因，本研究的目的是利用世界卫生组织/国际高血压学会（WHO/ISH）风险预测图评估越南中部 40-69 岁成年人的 10 年 CVD 总风险。
在这项横断面研究中，采用多阶段抽样方法从 40-69 岁的一般人群中选择了 938 名参与者。然后通过标准化问卷、人体测量和血液测试收集 CVD 风险因素。使用 WHO/ISH 风险预测图计算心血管风险。
根据 WHO/ISH 图表，在所调查参与者中，中度风险（10-20%）和高风险（>20%）的比例相等（5.1%）。当“血压高于 160/100 mmHg”时，中度风险的比例降至 2.3%，而高风险则显著增加至 12.8%。这些比例在男性中高于女性（分别为 18.3%和 8.5%，p 值<0.001，在高风险组中），并随年龄增长而增加。男性、吸烟、少数民族、高血压和糖尿病与 CVD 风险增加相关。
使用 WHO/ISH 风险预测图评估，越南中部 CVD 风险负担较高，尤其是在男性和少数民族中。WHO/ISH 图表的使用为初级保健环境中估计心血管风险提供了一种可行且负担得起的筛查工具。
