Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Bull World Health Organ. 2012 Oct 1;90(10):764-72. doi: 10.2471/BLT.11.100750. Epub 2012 Aug 20.
To report methods and results from a national sample mortality surveillance programme implemented in Viet Nam in 2009.
A national sample of 192 communes located in 16 provinces and covering a population of approximately 2.6 million was selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Deaths for 2009 were identified from several local data sources. Record reconciliation and capture-recapture methods were used to compile data and assess completeness of the records. Life tables were computed using reported and adjusted age-specific death rates. Each death was followed up by verbal autopsy to ascertain the probable cause(s) of death. Underlying causes were certified and coded according to international guidelines.
A total of 9921 deaths were identified in the sample population. Completeness of death records was estimated to be 81%. Adjusted life expectancies at birth were 70.4 and 78.7 years for males and females, respectively. Stroke was the leading cause of death in both sexes. Other prominent causes were road traffic accidents, cancers and HIV infection in males, and cardiovascular conditions, pneumonia and diabetes in females.
Viet Nam is undergoing the epidemiological transition. Although data are relatively complete, they could be further improved through strengthened local collaboration. Medical certification for deaths in hospitals, and shorter recall periods for verbal autopsy interviews would improve cause of death ascertainment.
报告 2009 年在越南实施的全国抽样死亡率监测方案的方法和结果。
采用多阶段聚类抽样方法，在越南 16 个省的 192 个公社中抽取了一个全国性样本，覆盖人口约 260 万。2009 年的死亡人数是从多个地方数据来源中确定的。记录核对和捕获-再捕获方法用于汇编数据并评估记录的完整性。使用报告和调整后的特定年龄死亡率计算生命表。对每一例死亡进行死因推断调查，以确定死亡的可能原因。根据国际准则，对根本死因进行认证和编码。
在样本人群中发现了 9921 例死亡。死亡记录的完整性估计为 81%。出生时的调整预期寿命分别为男性 70.4 岁和女性 78.7 岁。中风是男女两性的主要死因。其他突出的死因包括男性的道路交通伤害、癌症和艾滋病毒感染，以及女性的心血管疾病、肺炎和糖尿病。
越南正在经历流行病学转变。尽管数据相对完整，但通过加强地方合作，可以进一步改进。对医院死亡进行医学认证，以及缩短死因推断调查的回忆期，将有助于确定死亡原因。
