Hoffmann D, Hoffmann I
American Health Foundation, Valhalla, NY 10595.
IARC Sci Publ. 1987(81):3-10.
The presence of toxins and carcinogens in ambient air polluted with tobacco smoke is largely due to the sidestream smoke emissions from the smouldering tobacco products. Levels of these toxins and carcinogens in sidestream smoke often exceed their concentrations in mainstream smoke. Dosimetry of tobacco-specific markers of exposure in physiologic fluids suggests that in regard to nicotine--which is the major tobacco alkaloid--exposure of humans to environmental tobacco smoke causes but a few percent of the nicotine levels reached as a result of active inhalation of cigarette mainstream smoke. Yet, this measurement of exposure is not universally applicable to all of the tobacco smoke pollutants in this complex matrix. Existing knowledge of the chemical composition of sidestream smoke and evidence of biological activity of sidestream smoke components suggests that this environmental pollutant has carcinogenic potential. Significance of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke must be evaluated on the basis of the severity of the pollution, the duration of exposure and personal variations in uptake.
受烟草烟雾污染的环境空气中存在毒素和致癌物，这在很大程度上归因于阴燃烟草制品产生的侧流烟雾排放。侧流烟雾中这些毒素和致癌物的含量往往超过主流烟雾中的浓度。生理体液中烟草特定暴露标志物的剂量测定表明，就主要烟草生物碱尼古丁而言，人类接触环境烟草烟雾所导致的尼古丁水平仅为主动吸入卷烟主流烟雾所达到水平的百分之几。然而，这种暴露测量方法并不普遍适用于这种复杂基质中的所有烟草烟雾污染物。关于侧流烟雾化学成分的现有知识以及侧流烟雾成分生物活性的证据表明，这种环境污染物具有致癌潜力。必须根据污染的严重程度、暴露持续时间以及个体吸收差异来评估接触环境烟草烟雾的影响。
