Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 24;15(11):e0241699. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241699. eCollection 2020.
The 14-item Resilience Scale (RS14) is a tool designed to measure psychological resilience. It has been used effectively in diverse populations. However, its applicability is largely unknown for Sub-Saharan adolescent populations and completely unknown for orphaned and separated adolescents and youths (OSAY), a highly vulnerable population for whom resilience may be critical. This study assesses the RS14's psychometric properties for OSAY in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya.
Survey responses from a representative sample of 1016 OSAY (51.3% female) aged 10-25 (mean = 16; SD = 3.5) living in institutional and home-based environments in Uasin Gishu County were analyzed. The RS14's psychometric properties were assessed by examining internal consistency reliability, confirmatory factor analyses, and convergent validity using correlations between resilience and each of social support and depression. Sub-analyses were conducted by age and sex.
Resilience scores ranged from 14-98 (mean = 66; SD = 19) with no sex-based significant difference. Resilience was higher for those aged ≥18 (mean = 69; range = 14-98) versus age <18 (mean = 65; range = 14-98). Internal consistency was good (Cronbach's α = .90). Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a 1-factor solution, though the model fit was only moderate. Resilience was positively correlated with social support in all ages (.22; p < .001) and negatively correlated with depression in individuals age <18 (-.22; p < .001). The relationship between resilience and depression in individuals age ≥18 was statistically significant only in females (-.17; p = .026).
This study demonstrates reasonable evidence that the RS14 is both valid and reliable for measuring psychological resilience in the population of OSAY in western Kenya.
14 项韧性量表（RS14）是一种用于衡量心理韧性的工具。它已在不同人群中得到有效应用。然而，其在撒哈拉以南非洲青少年人群中的适用性尚不清楚，对于孤儿和失散青少年（OSAY）这一高度脆弱的人群来说，其适用性则完全未知，而对于这一人群，韧性可能至关重要。本研究评估了 RS14 在肯尼亚乌辛古舒县 OSAY 人群中的心理测量特性。
对居住在乌辛古舒县机构和家庭环境中的 1016 名 OSAY（51.3%为女性）的代表性样本（年龄 10-25 岁，平均年龄 16 岁，标准差 3.5 岁）进行了问卷调查。通过考察韧性与社会支持和抑郁之间的相关性，来评估 RS14 的内部一致性信度、验证性因子分析和聚合效度。并按年龄和性别进行了亚组分析。
韧性得分范围为 14-98（平均 66，标准差 19），无性别差异。18 岁及以上人群的韧性得分（平均 69，范围 14-98）高于 18 岁以下人群（平均 65，范围 14-98）。内部一致性较好（克朗巴赫 α系数为.90）。验证性因子分析表明存在 1 个因子解决方案，但模型拟合仅为中等。在所有年龄段，韧性与社会支持呈正相关（.22；p <.001），与 18 岁以下个体的抑郁呈负相关（-.22；p <.001）。仅在女性中（-.17；p =.026），18 岁及以上个体的韧性与抑郁之间的关系具有统计学意义。
本研究表明，RS14 在评估肯尼亚西部 OSAY 人群的心理韧性方面具有较好的效度和信度。
