Sutherland Sarah C, Shannon Harry S, Ayuku David, Streiner David L, Saarela Olli, Atwoli Lukoye, Braitstein Paula
Division of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, M5T 3M7, Toronto, Canada.
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Science, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4L8, Hamilton, Canada.
Vulnerable Child Youth Stud. 2022;17(2):165-179. doi: 10.1080/17450128.2022.2067381. Epub 2022 Apr 29.
The relationships between care environment, resilience, and social factors in orphaned and separated adolescents and youths (OSAY) in western Kenya are complex and under-studied. This study examines these relationships through the analysis of survey responses from OSAY living in Charitable Children's Institutes (CCI) and family-based care settings (FBS) in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The associations between 1) care environment and resilience (measured using the 14-item Resilience Scale); 2) care environment and factors thought to promote resilience (e.g. social, family, and peer support); and 3) resilience and these same resilience-promoting factors, were examined using multivariable linear and logistic regressions. This cross-sectional study included 1202 OSAY (50.4% female) aged 10-26 (mean=16; SD=3.5). The mean resilience score in CCIs was 71 (95%CI=69-73) vs. 64 (95%CI=62-66) in FBS. OSAY in CCIs had higher resilience (β=7.67; 95%CI=5.26-10.09), social support (β=0.26; 95%CI=0.14-0.37), and peer support (β=0.90; 95%CI=0.64-1.17) than those in FBS. OSAY in CCIs were more likely to volunteer than those in FBS (OR=3.72; 95%CI=1.80-7.68), except in the male subgroup. Family (β=0.42; 95%CI=0.24-0.60), social (β=4.19; 95%CI=2.53-5.85), and peer (β=2.13; 95%CI=1.44-2.83) relationships were positively associated with resilience in all analyses. Volunteering was positively associated with resilience (β=5.85; 95%CI=1.51-10.19). The factor most strongly related to resilience in both fully adjusted models was peer support. This study found a strong relationship between care environment and resilience. Care environment and resilience each independently demonstrated strong relationships with peer support, social support, and participating in volunteer activities. Resilience also had a strong relationship with familial support. These data suggest that resilience can be developed through strategic supports to this vulnerable population.
在肯尼亚西部，孤儿及与家人分离的青少年（OSAY）的照料环境、恢复力和社会因素之间的关系复杂且研究不足。本研究通过分析肯尼亚乌阿辛吉舒县慈善儿童机构（CCI）和家庭式照料环境（FBS）中OSAY的调查回复，来探究这些关系。使用多变量线性回归和逻辑回归分析了以下关联：1）照料环境与恢复力（使用14项恢复力量表进行测量）；2）照料环境与被认为能促进恢复力的因素（如社会、家庭和同伴支持）；3）恢复力与这些相同的恢复力促进因素。这项横断面研究纳入了1202名年龄在10 - 26岁（平均年龄 = 16岁；标准差 = 3.5）的OSAY（50.4%为女性）。CCI中的平均恢复力得分是71（95%置信区间 = 69 - 73），而FBS中的平均恢复力得分是64（95%置信区间 = 62 - 66）。与FBS中的OSAY相比，CCI中的OSAY具有更高的恢复力（β = 7.67；95%置信区间 = 5.26 - 10.09）、社会支持（β = 0.26；95%置信区间 = 0.14 - 0.37）和同伴支持（β = 0.90；95%置信区间 = 0.64 - 1.17）。除男性亚组外，CCI中的OSAY比FBS中的OSAY更有可能参与志愿活动（优势比 = 3.72；95%置信区间 = 1.80 - 7.68）。在所有分析中，家庭关系（β = 0.42；95%置信区间 = 0.24 - 0.60）、社会关系（β = 4.19；95%置信区间 = 2.53 - 5.85）和同伴关系（β = 2.13；95%置信区间 = 1.44 - 2.83）与恢复力呈正相关。参与志愿活动与恢复力呈正相关（β = 5.85；95%置信区间 = 1.51 - 10.19）。在两个完全调整模型中，与恢复力最密切相关的因素是同伴支持。本研究发现照料环境与恢复力之间存在密切关系。照料环境和恢复力各自独立地与同伴支持、社会支持以及参与志愿活动呈现出密切关系。恢复力与家庭支持也有密切关系。这些数据表明，可以通过对这一弱势群体的战略支持来培养恢复力。
