Department of Nutrition and Health, Federal University of Viçosa, Av. Purdue, s/n, Campus Universitário, Viçosa, MG 36.570-900, Brazil.
Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7201, USA.
Food Res Int. 2020 Nov;137:109705. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109705. Epub 2020 Sep 17.
This study evaluates the effects of intra-amniotic administration of yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) flour soluble extracts (YFSE) on intestinal bacterial populations, brush border membrane (BBM) functionality and morphology, by using the Gallus gallus model. The YFSE increased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium and E. coli compared to 18MΩ H2O. The YFSE had systematic effect on BBM functionality, via the upregulation of zinc (zinc transporters - ZnT1, ZnT7 and ZIP9) and iron (ferroportin, Duodenal cytochrome (DcytB) transporters, sucrose isomaltase (SI), and down regulation of Interleukin 1 beta (IL1β), and hepcidin genes expression when compared to the inulin administered group. The YFSE administration increased glycogen concentrations in pectoral muscle compared to noninjected and 18 Ω H2O groups, however, did not change gene expression of enzymes related to glycolysis (phosphofructokinase) and gluconeogenesis (glucose-6 phosphatase). The YFSE increased the depth of crypts, crypt goblet cell diameter, number and type (acidic), and villi goblet cell diameter and type (acidic) when compared to all other groups. Thus, YFSE demonstrated prebiotic effects resulting in improving intestinal bacterial populations profile, BBM functionality, digestive and absorptive capabilities, intestinal morphology, glycogen status and immune system.
本研究使用鸡模型评估了亚麻籽（Smallanthus sonchifolius）粉可溶性提取物（YFSE）在肠内细菌种群、刷状缘膜（BBM）功能和形态方面的作用。与 18MΩ H2O 相比，YFSE 增加了（p<0.05）乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌、梭菌和大肠杆菌的相对丰度。YFSE 对 BBM 功能具有系统作用，通过上调锌（锌转运蛋白-ZnT1、ZnT7 和 ZIP9）和铁（亚铁转运蛋白、十二指肠细胞色素（DcytB）转运蛋白、蔗糖异麦芽糖酶（SI），下调白细胞介素 1β（IL1β）和铁调素基因表达，与菊粉给药组相比。与非注射和 18Ω H2O 组相比，YFSE 给药组胸肌中的糖原浓度增加，但与糖酵解（磷酸果糖激酶）和糖异生（葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶）相关酶的基因表达没有变化。与其他所有组相比，YFSE 增加了隐窝深度、隐窝杯状细胞直径、数量和类型（酸性）以及绒毛杯状细胞直径和类型（酸性）。因此，YFSE 表现出益生元作用，可改善肠道细菌种群特征、BBM 功能、消化和吸收能力、肠道形态、糖原状态和免疫系统。
