Liu Chunxiao, Kuang Xiaotong, Li Kelei, Guo Xiaofei, Deng Qingxue, Li Duo
Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Food Funct. 2020 Dec 1;11(12):10817-10827. doi: 10.1039/d0fo00787k. Epub 2020 Nov 25.
The aim of the present study was to explore whether combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation is beneficial for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of science and Embase databases and reference lists of eligible articles up to Feb, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of combined calcium and vitamin D on osteoporosis in postmenopausal women were included in the present study.
Combined calcium and vitamin D significantly increased total bone mineral density (BMD) (standard mean differences (SMD) = 0.537; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.227 to 0.847), lumbar spine BMD (SMD = 0.233; 95% CI: 0.073 to 0.392; P < 0.001), arms BMD (SMD = 0.464; 95% CI: 0.186 to 0.741) and femoral neck BMD (SMD = 0.187; 95% CI: 0.010 to 0.364). It also significantly reduced the incidence of hip fracture (RR = 0.864; 95% CI: 0.763 to 0.979). Subgroup analysis showed that combined calcium and vitamin D significantly increased femoral neck BMD only when the dose of the vitamin D intake was no more than 400 IU d (SMD = 0.335; 95% CI: 0.113 to 0.558), but not for a dose more than 400 IU d (SMD = -0.098; 95% CI: -0.109 to 0.305), and calcium had no effect on the femoral neck BMD. Subgroup analysis also showed only dairy products fortified with calcium and vitamin D had a significant influence on total BMD (SMD = 0.784; 95% CI: 0.322 to 1.247) and lumbar spine BMD (SMD = 0.320; 95% CI: 0.146 to 0.494), but not for combined calcium and vitamin D supplement.
Dairy products fortified with calcium and vitamin D have a favorable effect on bone mineral density. Combined calcium and vitamin D supplementation could prevent osteoporosis hip fracture in postmenopausal women.
本研究旨在探讨补充钙和维生素D对绝经后女性骨质疏松症是否有益。
我们检索了截至2020年2月的PubMed、Cochrane图书馆、科学网和Embase数据库以及符合条件文章的参考文献列表。纳入本研究的是评估钙和维生素D联合使用对绝经后女性骨质疏松症影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。
钙和维生素D联合使用显著提高了总骨密度（BMD）（标准平均差（SMD）=0.537；95%置信区间（CI）：0.227至0.847）、腰椎骨密度（SMD = 0.233；95%CI：0.073至0.392；P < 0.001）、手臂骨密度（SMD = 0.464；95%CI：0.186至0.741）和股骨颈骨密度（SMD = 0.187；95%CI：0.010至0.364）。它还显著降低了髋部骨折的发生率（RR = 0.864；95%CI：0.763至0.979）。亚组分析表明，仅当维生素D摄入量不超过400 IU/d时，钙和维生素D联合使用才显著提高股骨颈骨密度（SMD = 0.335；95%CI：0.113至0.558），而摄入量超过400 IU/d时则不然（SMD = -0.098；95%CI：-0.109至0.305），并且钙对股骨颈骨密度没有影响。亚组分析还表明，仅钙和维生素D强化的乳制品对总骨密度（SMD = 0.784；95%CI：0.322至1.247）和腰椎骨密度（SMD = 0.320；95%CI：0.146至0.494）有显著影响，而钙和维生素D联合补充剂则不然。
钙和维生素D强化的乳制品对骨密度有良好影响。补充钙和维生素D可预防绝经后女性骨质疏松性髋部骨折。
