Moulin Thiago C, Covill Laura E, Itskov Pavel M, Williams Michael J, Schiöth Helgi B
Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Functional Pharmacology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jan;120:1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.014. Epub 2020 Nov 23.
The assessment of behavioral outcomes is a central component of neuroscientific research, which has required continuous technological innovations to produce more detailed and reliable findings. In this article, we provide an in-depth review on the progress and future implications for three model organisms (mouse, rat, and Drosophila) essential to our current understanding of behavior. By compiling a comprehensive catalog of popular assays, we are able to compare the diversity of tasks and usage of these animal models in behavioral research. This compilation also allows for the evaluation of existing state-of-the-art methods and experimental applications, including optogenetics, machine learning, and high-throughput behavioral assays. We go on to discuss novel apparatuses and inter-species analyses for centrophobism, feeding behavior, aggression and mating paradigms, with the goal of providing a unique view on comparative behavioral research. The challenges and recent advances are evaluated in terms of their translational value, ethical procedures, and trustworthiness for behavioral research.
行为结果评估是神经科学研究的核心组成部分，这需要持续的技术创新来产生更详细、可靠的研究结果。在本文中，我们对三种模式生物（小鼠、大鼠和果蝇）的进展及未来意义进行了深入综述，这三种生物对于我们当前对行为的理解至关重要。通过编制一份全面的常用实验方法目录，我们能够比较这些动物模型在行为研究中的任务多样性和使用情况。这一汇编还允许对现有最先进的方法和实验应用进行评估，包括光遗传学、机器学习和高通量行为分析。我们接着讨论了针对恐惧中央区域、进食行为、攻击和交配范式的新型仪器和种间分析，目的是为比较行为研究提供独特视角。从行为研究的转化价值、伦理程序和可信度方面对挑战和最新进展进行了评估。
