Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Cuenca, Spain.
Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay.
BMC Pediatr. 2020 Nov 26;20(1):533. doi: 10.1186/s12887-020-02429-7.
Gestational weight gain has been associated with some adverse perinatal outcomes, but few studies have examined the association between gestational weight gain and offspring's cognition and their conclusions are inconsistent. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the evidence regarding the association between gestational weight gain and offspring's cognitive skills.
In this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO number, CRD42017073266), we systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library for studies examining association between gestational weight gain and offspring's cognitive skills, without restriction in study design or language. Two reviewers extracted in an independent way the data. The Quality of Reporting of Observational Longitudinal Research scale was used to assess the quality of included studies. Effect size (ES) for adjusted models and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for (i) intelligence quotient, (ii) language related skills and (iii) mathematic related skills comparing offspring's cognitive skills when gestational weight gain was within recommendations (as reference) with those from mothers whose gestational weight gain was above or below the recommendations.
Thirteen studies were included. There was a positive trend that associated gestational weight gain above recommendations with better offspring's intelligence quotient, although not statistically significant (ES 0.02, 95% CI -0.00, 0.05; I = 0.00%).
There is a not significant positive association between gestational weight gain above recommendations and intelligence quotient and some studies reported associations between gestational weight gain and offspring's cognitive skills. Our analyses confirm a wide variability in the results of studies published so far and highlights the need for conducting studies including specific samples of pregnant women by pre-pregnancy body mass index and trimester of pregnancy.
孕期体重增加与一些不良围产期结局有关，但很少有研究探讨孕期体重增加与后代认知能力之间的关系，且其结论不一致。我们的系统评价和荟萃分析旨在综合有关孕期体重增加与后代认知技能之间关系的证据。
在这项系统评价和荟萃分析（PROSPERO 编号：CRD42017073266）中，我们系统地检索了 MEDLINE、EMBASE、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆，以查找评估孕期体重增加与后代认知技能之间关系的研究，研究设计或语言不受限制。两名评审员独立提取数据。使用观察性纵向研究报告质量量表评估纳入研究的质量。对于（i）智商、（ii）语言相关技能和（iii）数学相关技能，计算调整模型的效应大小（ES）及其相应的 95%置信区间，比较当孕期体重增加符合建议（作为参考）与超过或低于建议的母亲的后代认知技能。
纳入了 13 项研究。有一个积极的趋势，即与建议的孕期体重增加相比，高于建议的孕期体重增加与更好的后代智商相关，尽管没有统计学意义（ES 0.02，95%CI -0.00，0.05；I=0.00%）。
建议的孕期体重增加与智商之间存在不显著的正相关关系，并且一些研究报告了孕期体重增加与后代认知技能之间的关系。我们的分析证实了迄今为止发表的研究结果存在很大的差异，并强调需要开展包括特定孕妇样本的研究，这些孕妇样本按孕前体重指数和妊娠阶段进行分组。
