Dall'Oglio Federica, Tedeschi Aurora, Verzì Anna Elisa, Lacarrubba Francesco, Micali Giuseppe
Dermatology Clinic, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Int J Clin Pract. 2020 Dec;74 Suppl 187:e13815. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.13815.
Urea-based topical compounds at medium concentrations (15%-30%) represent useful dermatological agents for their humectant and keratolytic effects by enhancing stratum corneum hydration and by loosening epidermal keratin, respectively. The aim of this paper is to review the clinical evidences of the use of 15%-30% urea as single topical agent. Although limited evidence supports the use of these concentrations of urea in skin disorders characterised by xerosis and hyperkeratosis, in clinical practice they are largely used especially in xerosis of limited skin areas, in which the side effects are tolerable, or hyperkeratosis involving large or more sensitive (eg, face, genital region, etc) areas, in which higher concentration may be irritant. In addition, urea at medium concentrations is used in combination with other substances including topical antifungals as penetration enhancer.
中等浓度（15%-30%）的尿素类外用化合物因其保湿和角质溶解作用而成为有用的皮肤科药物，它们分别通过增强角质层水合作用和松解表皮角质来发挥功效。本文旨在综述将15%-30%的尿素作为单一外用药物使用的临床证据。尽管有限的证据支持在以皮肤干燥和角化过度为特征的皮肤疾病中使用这些浓度的尿素，但在临床实践中，它们被广泛应用，尤其是在皮肤面积有限的皮肤干燥症中，其副作用是可耐受的，或者在涉及大面积或更敏感区域（如面部、生殖器区域等）的角化过度症中，较高浓度可能具有刺激性。此外，中等浓度的尿素还与其他物质联合使用，包括外用抗真菌药作为渗透促进剂。
