School of Transportation Engineering, Institute of Engineering, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 26;17(23):8797. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238797.
Road accidents are caused by humans, vehicles, and road environments. Human attitudes affect behavioral changes and can lead to unsafe riding behavior. The sex of an individual is a key factor that affects their riding behavior. We aimed to use structural equation modeling (SEM) by analyzing the multi-group SEM between men and women and applying the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the locus of control (LC) theory. The data used in the research were collected from all over Thailand, consisting of 1516 motorcycle riders (903 men and 613 women) aged over 20 years. A self-administered questionnaire was designed for data collection of the riding behavior using the Motorcycle Rider Behavior Questionnaire (MRBQ), including traffic errors, control errors, stunt frequency, and safety equipment. We found that riding behaviors between men and women were significantly different in both theories. For men, TPB showed that the main factors that highly influenced motorcycle riding behavior (MRB) were the attitudes based on health motivation (AHM) and perceived behavior control (PC); for women, AHM produced a stronger effect than in men. However, for the subjective norms (SN) factor, we found no direct effect on MRB, but did find an indirect effect through the attitudes based on severity (ASE) in both sexes. Particularly for women, the indirect influence value of the SN factor was higher. For women, the LC showed that internal factors had more influence than external factors. The same was found for men, but the effect in women was significantly stronger. We found that sex significantly affected the MRB. Therefore, policies must be implemented that address each group specifically as their attitudes and behaviors are different.
道路交通事故是由人、车和道路环境等因素造成的。人的态度会影响行为的改变，并可能导致不安全的骑行行为。个体的性别是影响其骑行行为的关键因素之一。我们旨在通过分析男女之间的多群组结构方程模型（SEM），应用计划行为理论（TPB）和控制源理论（LC），使用结构方程建模（SEM）来研究这个问题。研究中使用的数据来自泰国各地，共包括 1516 名 20 岁以上的摩托车骑手（903 名男性和 613 名女性）。我们设计了一份自我管理的问卷，用于收集骑行行为的数据，使用摩托车骑手行为问卷（MRBQ），包括交通违规、控制失误、特技频率和安全设备。我们发现，男女之间的骑行行为在两个理论中都存在显著差异。对于男性，TPB 表明，高度影响摩托车骑行行为（MRB）的主要因素是基于健康动机的态度（AHM）和感知行为控制（PC）；对于女性，AHM 的影响比男性更强。然而，对于主观规范（SN）因素，我们发现它对 MRB 没有直接影响，但在两性中都通过严重性态度（ASE）产生了间接影响。特别是对于女性，SN 因素的间接影响值更高。对于女性，LC 表明内部因素比外部因素更有影响力。对于男性也是如此，但女性的影响明显更强。我们发现，性别显著影响了 MRB。因此，必须针对每个群体实施政策，因为他们的态度和行为是不同的。
