Tawade Bhausaheb V, Apata Ikeoluwa E, Singh Maninderjeet, Das Priyanka, Pradhan Nihar, Al-Enizi Abdullah M, Karim Alamgir, Raghavan Dharmaraj
Department of Chemistry, Howard University, Washington DC, United States of America.
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, United States of America.
Nanotechnology. 2021 Apr 2;32(14):142004. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/abcf6c.
Polymer nanocomposites (PNC) have attracted enormous scientific and technological interest due to their applications in energy storage, electronics, biosensing, drug delivery, cosmetics and packaging industry. Nanomaterials (platelet, fibers, spheroids, whiskers, rods) dispersed in different types of polymer matrices constitute such PNC. The degree of dispersion of the inorganic nanomaterials in the polymer matrix, as well as the structured arrangement of the nanomaterials, are some of the key factors influencing the overall performance of the nanocomposite. To this end, the surface functionalization of the nanomaterials determines its state of dispersion within the polymer matrix. For energy storage and electronics, these nanomaterials are usually chosen for their dielectric properties for enhancing the performance of device applications. Although several reviews on surface modification of nanomaterials have been reported, a review on the surface functionalization of nanomaterials as it pertains to polymer dielectrics is currently lacking. This review summarizes the recent developments in the surface modification of important metal oxide dielectric nanomaterials including Silicon dioxide (SiO), titanium dioxide (TiO), barium titanate (BaTiO), and aluminum oxide (AlO) by chemical agents such as silanes, phosphonic acids, and dopamine. We report the impact of chemical modification of the nanomaterial on the dielectric performance (dielectric constant, breakdown strength, and energy density) of the nanocomposite. Aside from bringing novice and experts up to speed in the area of polymer dielectric nanocomposites, this review will serve as an intellectual resource in the selection of appropriate chemical agents for functionalizing nanomaterials for use in specific polymer matrix so as to potentially tune the final performance of nanocomposite.
聚合物纳米复合材料（PNC）因其在能量存储、电子、生物传感、药物递送、化妆品和包装行业的应用而引起了巨大的科技关注。分散在不同类型聚合物基体中的纳米材料（片状、纤维状、球状、晶须状、棒状）构成了此类聚合物纳米复合材料。无机纳米材料在聚合物基体中的分散程度以及纳米材料的结构排列是影响纳米复合材料整体性能的一些关键因素。为此，纳米材料的表面功能化决定了其在聚合物基体内的分散状态。对于能量存储和电子领域，通常选择这些纳米材料是因其介电性能以提高器件应用的性能。尽管已经报道了几篇关于纳米材料表面改性的综述，但目前缺乏一篇关于与聚合物电介质相关的纳米材料表面功能化的综述。本综述总结了通过硅烷、膦酸和多巴胺等化学试剂对重要金属氧化物介电纳米材料（包括二氧化硅（SiO）、二氧化钛（TiO）、钛酸钡（BaTiO）和氧化铝（AlO））进行表面改性的最新进展。我们报告了纳米材料化学改性对纳米复合材料介电性能（介电常数、击穿强度和能量密度）的影响。除了使新手和专家了解聚合物介电纳米复合材料领域的最新情况外，本综述还将作为一种知识资源，用于选择合适的化学试剂对用于特定聚合物基体的纳米材料进行功能化，从而有可能调整纳米复合材料的最终性能。
