Peters Elke, Hübner Joachim, Katalinic Alexander
Institut für Sozialmedizin und Epidemiologie, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck.
Institut für Krebsepidemiologie e. V., Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck.
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 2021 Jan;146(2):e11-e20. doi: 10.1055/a-1275-3792. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
International studies indicate that pandemics and quarantine can lead to significantly increased stress levels and mental illness in those affected. Stress levels and quality of life in selected population groups in the early phase of the lockdown of the corona pandemic were examined. Associations of coping strategies with perceived stress levels and associations of activities to increase well-being with health-related quality of life as an aspect of well-being are presented.
Data from the first survey wave of the CoPa study were evaluated, which were collected via online survey. Group differences regarding stress and quality of life were explorative tested by means of Chi-square tests and T-tests. Associations of coping strategies with stress and of activities to increase well-being with health-related quality of life were calculated using linear regression analysis.
Among the 5315 participants, persons at risk of mental health and those who did not go out in public showed signs of depression, anxiety disorders and stress significantly more often than other participants. Persons with children under 12 years of age showed significantly higher stress levels than others and their health-related quality of life was comparable. Perceived social support and self-efficacy proved to be resources for stress. Humor, physical activity, healthy eating, maintaining daily routines and pursuing specific goals were positively associated with health-related quality of life.
Persons with mental health risks need therapeutic services in times of reduced contact. Selected measures to increase well-being appear to be effective and should be recommended.
国际研究表明，大流行和隔离会导致受影响人群的压力水平显著上升和精神疾病。对新冠疫情封锁初期特定人群的压力水平和生活质量进行了调查。介绍了应对策略与感知压力水平之间的关联，以及作为幸福生活一个方面的、与健康相关的生活质量提高活动之间的关联。
对CoPa研究首轮调查的数据进行评估，这些数据通过在线调查收集。通过卡方检验和T检验对压力和生活质量方面的组间差异进行探索性测试。使用线性回归分析计算应对策略与压力之间的关联，以及提高幸福感的活动与健康相关生活质量之间的关联。
在5315名参与者中，有心理健康风险的人和那些不出门的人比其他参与者更频繁地出现抑郁、焦虑症和压力的迹象。有12岁以下孩子的人压力水平明显高于其他人，且他们与健康相关的生活质量相当。感知到的社会支持和自我效能被证明是应对压力的资源。幽默、体育活动、健康饮食、保持日常习惯和追求特定目标与健康相关的生活质量呈正相关。
有心理健康风险的人在接触减少时期需要治疗服务。一些提高幸福感的措施似乎是有效的，应该予以推荐。
