School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK.
Department of Liberal Studies, College of Administrative and Business Studies, Niger State Polytechnic, Bida Campus, Bida 912231, Nigeria.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Nov 27;17(23):8829. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17238829.
Globally, anaemia is a severe public health condition affecting over 24% of the world's population. Children under five years old and pregnant women are the most vulnerable to this disease. This scoping review aimed to evaluate studies that used classical statistical regression methods on nationally representative health survey data to identify the individual socioeconomic, demographic and contextual risk factors associated with developing anaemia among children under five years of age in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The reporting pattern followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE (OVID platform), Web of Science, PUBMED, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Cochrane library, African Journal of online (AJOL), Google Scholar and Measure DHS. The review identified 20 relevant studies and the risk factors for anaemia were classified as child-related, parental/household-related and community- or area-related factors. The risk factors for anaemia identified included age, birth order, sex, comorbidities (such as fever, diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection), malnutrition or stunting, maternal education, maternal age, mother's anaemia status, household wealth and place of residence. The outcome of this review is of significant value for health policy and planners to enable them to make informed decision that will correct any imbalances in anaemia across socioeconomic, demographic and contextual characteristics, with the view of making efficient distributions of health interventions.
全球范围内，贫血是一种严重的公共卫生状况，影响着全球超过 24%的人口。五岁以下儿童和孕妇是最容易受到这种疾病影响的人群。本范围综述旨在评估使用经典统计回归方法对具有代表性的国家健康调查数据进行的研究，以确定与撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）五岁以下儿童贫血相关的个体社会经济、人口和背景风险因素。报告模式遵循了系统评价和荟萃分析扩展的首选报告项目（PRISMA-ScR）指南。以下数据库进行了搜索：MEDLINE、EMBASE（OVID 平台）、Web of Science、PUBMED、护理和联合健康文献累积索引（CINAHL）、PsycINFO、Scopus、Cochrane 图书馆、非洲在线杂志（AJOL）、Google Scholar 和 Measure DHS。本综述确定了 20 项相关研究，贫血的风险因素分为儿童相关、父母/家庭相关和社区或地区相关因素。确定的贫血风险因素包括年龄、出生顺序、性别、合并症（如发热、腹泻和急性呼吸道感染）、营养不良或发育迟缓、母亲教育程度、母亲年龄、母亲贫血状况、家庭财富和居住地。这项综述的结果对于卫生政策制定者和规划者具有重要价值，使他们能够做出明智的决策，纠正贫血在社会经济、人口和背景特征方面的任何不平衡，以便有效地分配卫生干预措施。
