Ng Kwok, Cooper Jemima, McHale Fiona, Clifford Joanna, Woods Catherine
Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Health Research Institute, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020 Nov 5;6(1):e000919. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000919. eCollection 2020.
COVID-19 restrictions reduced adolescents' opportunities for physical activity (PA). The purpose of this study was to examine how adolescent PA changed during school closures, to identify the key barriers and facilitators for these changes during lockdown and to use this information to understand how to manage future crises' situations positively to prevent physical inactivity.
Irish adolescents (N=1214; ages 12-18 years) participated in an online cross-sectional study during April 2020, including items on PA level, changes in PA and reasons for change in an open-ended format. Numeric analyses were through multiple binary logistic regressions, stratified by changes in PA during lockdown and inductive analysis of open coding of text responses.
Adolescents reported they did less PA (50%), no change (30%) or did more PA during lockdown (20%). Adolescents who did less PA were more likely to be overweight (OR=1.8, CI=1.2-2.7) or obese (OR=2.2, CI=1.2-4.0) and less likely to have strong prior PA habits (OR=0.4, CI=0.2-0.6). The most cited barriers to PA were coronavirus, club training cancelled and time. Strong associations for doing more PA included participation in strengthening exercises at least three times in the past 7 days (OR=1.7, CI=1.3-2.4); facilitators were more time, coronavirus and no school.
COVID-19 restrictions were both a barrier to and an opportunity for PA. Parents, schools, public health, communities and industries must collaborate to prevent physical inactivity at times of crisis, especially for vulnerable groups.
新冠疫情防控措施减少了青少年进行体育活动（PA）的机会。本研究旨在探讨学校关闭期间青少年体育活动的变化情况，确定封锁期间体育活动变化的主要障碍和促进因素，并利用这些信息了解如何积极应对未来危机情况，以防止身体活动不足。
2020年4月，爱尔兰青少年（N = 1214；年龄12 - 18岁）参与了一项在线横断面研究，其中包括关于体育活动水平、体育活动变化以及变化原因的开放式问题。通过多元二元逻辑回归进行数值分析，按封锁期间体育活动的变化进行分层，并对文本回复进行开放式编码的归纳分析。
青少年报告称，在封锁期间他们的体育活动减少（50%）、没有变化（30%）或增加（20%）。体育活动减少的青少年更有可能超重（OR = 1.8，CI = 1.2 - 2.7）或肥胖（OR = 2.2，CI = 1.2 - 4.0），且之前养成较强体育活动习惯的可能性较小（OR = 0.4，CI = 0.2 - 0.6）。体育活动最常被提及的障碍是新冠病毒、俱乐部训练取消和时间。体育活动增加的强烈关联因素包括在过去7天内至少参加三次强化锻炼（OR = 1.7，CI = 1.3 - 2.4）；促进因素是有更多时间、新冠病毒和不上学。
新冠疫情防控措施既是体育活动的障碍，也是体育活动的机遇。家长、学校、公共卫生部门、社区和企业必须合作，在危机时期防止身体活动不足，特别是对于弱势群体。
