Allergy & Immunology, Sanford Health, Bismarck, North Dakota; Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Pediatrics, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, North Dakota.
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021 Mar;126(3):240-254. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2020.11.016. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
The purpose of this article is to review the pathophysiologic mechanisms, differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the various manifestations of ocular allergy, with an especial focus on immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated disease.
A PubMed search was performed to include articles, using the search terms ocular allergy and allergic conjunctivitis.
Recent and relevant human studies in the English language pertaining to our topic of study were selected. Animal studies pertaining to pathophysiology of ocular allergy were also reviewed. We focused on clinical trials, practice guidelines, reviews, and systematic reviews. In addition, case reports were reviewed if they described rare clinical presentations, disease mechanisms, or novel therapies.
Ocular allergy encompasses both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated disease, and the clinical severity may range from mild to sight-threatening inflammation. A comprehensive treatment regimen including education, lifestyle measures, topical therapies, and even systemic interventions may be necessary for the effective management of ocular allergies, tailored according to symptom severity.
Ocular allergy is frequently encountered by allergists and eye-care specialists, and despite progressively increasing incidence, it often remains underdiagnosed and, hence, untreated.
本文旨在回顾眼部过敏的各种表现的病理生理机制、鉴别诊断、评估和治疗，特别关注免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）介导的疾病。
使用搜索词“眼部过敏”和“过敏性结膜炎”进行 PubMed 检索，以纳入文章。
选择了最近和相关的英语人类研究，这些研究与我们的研究主题有关。还回顾了与眼部过敏病理生理学有关的动物研究。我们专注于临床试验、实践指南、综述和系统综述。此外，如果病例报告描述了罕见的临床表现、疾病机制或新疗法，也对其进行了回顾。
眼部过敏包括 IgE 和非 IgE 介导的疾病，临床严重程度可能从轻度到威胁视力的炎症不等。对于眼部过敏的有效管理，可能需要包括教育、生活方式措施、局部治疗甚至全身干预在内的综合治疗方案，具体方案根据症状严重程度而定。
过敏症专家和眼科专家经常遇到眼部过敏，尽管发病率逐渐上升，但它常常仍未得到诊断和治疗。
