Vilnius University, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Clinic of Chest diseases, Immunology and Allergology, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
Contact Dermatitis. 2021 Apr;84(4):247-253. doi: 10.1111/cod.13756. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Metalworkers are said to have heavy exposure to metals, but the amount of released metal ions from alloys and deposition on the hands is unknown.
To analyze nickel, cobalt, and chromium in vitro release to the artificial sweat from nails and wire made of different alloys, and to test metal deposition on the fingers of metalworkers.
Six different samples of nails and wire were kept in artificial sweat for 24 hours and one week, respectively. The metal release was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Eighty-eight consecutive metal plant workers immersed their index fingers and thumbs in separate laboratory tubes filled with deionized water for 2 minutes. The sample analysis for metals was carried out with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS).
The average released concentration of Ni was 0.0012 μg/cm , for Co it was 0.0007 μg/cm , and for Cr 0.0037 μg/cm after 24 hours and 0.0135, 0.0029, and 0.0042 μg/cm , respectively, after 1 week. There was a statistically significant increase in released concentration of Ni during one week: 0.0012 μg/cm vs 0.0135 μg/cm (P = .04). Medians of the detected Co amount on fingers reflected a statistically significant difference between workplaces: 0.004 μg/cm for metalworkers vs 0.001 μg/cm for office staff (P = .04).
Nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) can be released in different concentrations from nails and wire. Detected Ni and Cr levels can elicit dermatitis in already sensitized patients. Co can be extracted from alloys even if not mentioned on material safety data sheets. The finger immersion technique was used for cobalt and chromium detection on fingers for the first time.
据说金属工人接触的金属较多，但合金中释放的金属离子量及其在手上的沉积量尚不清楚。
分析不同合金指甲和金属丝在人工汗液中的镍、钴和铬的体外释放情况，并检测金属工人手指上的金属沉积量。
将 6 种不同的指甲和金属丝样本分别在人工汗液中浸泡 24 小时和 1 周，通过原子吸收光谱法（AAS）测定金属释放量。88 名连续的金属厂工人将食指和拇指浸入单独的实验室管中，在去离子水中浸泡 2 分钟。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对金属进行样品分析。
镍的平均释放浓度为 0.0012μg/cm ，钴为 0.0007μg/cm ，铬为 0.0037μg/cm ，24 小时后分别为 0.0135μg/cm 、0.0029μg/cm 和 0.0042μg/cm ，1 周后分别为 0.0135μg/cm 、0.0029μg/cm 和 0.0042μg/cm 。1 周后镍的释放浓度有统计学意义的增加：0.0012μg/cm 与 0.0135μg/cm （P=.04）。手指上检测到的钴量中位数反映了工作场所之间的统计学差异：金属工人为 0.004μg/cm ，办公室工作人员为 0.001μg/cm （P=.04）。
镍（Ni）、钴（Co）和铬（Cr）可从指甲和金属丝中以不同浓度释放。已敏化的患者接触到检测到的镍和铬水平可能会引发皮炎。即使在材料安全数据表中未提及，合金中也可以提取出钴。手指浸没法首次用于检测手指上的钴和铬。
