Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Cytoskeleton (Hoboken). 2020 Dec;77(12):558-578. doi: 10.1002/cm.21649. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
The assembly of the bipolar mitotic spindle requires the careful orchestration of a myriad of enzyme activities like protein posttranslational modifications. Among these, phosphorylation has arisen as the principle mode for spatially and temporally activating the proteins involved in early mitotic spindle assembly processes. Here, we review key kinases, phosphatases, and phosphorylation events that regulate critical aspects of these processes. We highlight key phosphorylation substrates that are important for ensuring the fidelity of centriole duplication, centrosome maturation, and the establishment of the bipolar spindle. We also highlight techniques used to understand kinase-substrate relationships and to study phosphorylation events. We conclude with perspectives on the field of posttranslational modifications in early mitotic spindle assembly.
有丝分裂纺锤体的组装需要精细的协调大量的酶活性，如蛋白质翻译后修饰。其中，磷酸化已成为空间和时间激活参与早期有丝分裂纺锤体组装过程的蛋白质的主要模式。在这里，我们回顾了调节这些过程关键方面的关键激酶、磷酸酶和磷酸化事件。我们强调了对确保中心粒复制、中心体成熟和双极纺锤体建立的准确性很重要的关键磷酸化底物。我们还强调了用于了解激酶-底物关系和研究磷酸化事件的技术。我们最后对早期有丝分裂纺锤体组装中翻译后修饰领域的前景进行了展望。
