Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (PIBOC), Vladivostok, 690022, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2020 Nov;85(11):1362-1373. doi: 10.1134/S0006297920110073.
This review discusses main directions and results of the studies on antibiotics produced by bacteria living in the marine environment. In recent years many obligate marine species and strains were studied, diverse metabolites were isolated, and their chemical structures were elucidated. Among them here were natural compounds toxic against tumor cells, pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and malaria plasmodial species; these compounds often had no analogues among the natural products of terrestrial origin. Some isolated compounds form a basis of active ingredients in medicinal preparations used in clinic practice, while others are under different stages of preclinical or clinical studies. Much attention has been paid in recent years to producers of marine-derived antibiotics isolated from the deep-sea habitats, from the surface of marine invertebrates and algae, as well as from symbiotic microorganisms.
本综述讨论了海洋环境中生存的细菌所产生的抗生素的主要研究方向和成果。近年来，许多海洋专性物种和菌株被研究，多种代谢物被分离出来，并阐明了它们的化学结构。其中包括对肿瘤细胞、病原菌、病毒和疟原虫有细胞毒性的天然化合物；这些化合物通常在陆地来源的天然产物中没有类似物。一些分离出的化合物构成了临床实践中使用的药物制剂的有效成分的基础，而其他化合物则处于不同的临床前或临床研究阶段。近年来，人们越来越关注从深海栖息地、海洋无脊椎动物和藻类的表面以及共生微生物中分离出的海洋来源抗生素的生产者。
