Castiglioni Cinzia, Lozza Edoardo
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Nov 13;11:584473. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.584473. eCollection 2020.
The COVID-19 pandemic has quickly become an unprecedented challenge for many countries at a global level, requiring a significant amount of financial resources to support the National Healthcare System (NHS). In Italy, most of these resources came from the general public through tax payments and monetary donations. The present work aims to investigate the antecedents of citizens' willingness to financially support the NHS in a situation of public emergency such as the one related to the COVID-19 outbreak. It also aims to distinguish between the willingness to support the system through two different forms of financial contribution, tax payment and charitable giving. An empirical study was performed in the midst of the Italian public health emergency, while the country was reaching its contagion peak. Results showed that participants were more willing to give a financial contribution when it was framed as a one-off donation rather than as a one-off tax payment. Moreover, it was found that trust in money management was the most important factor in predicting the intention to make a financial contribution to the NHS, either through a tax payment or through charitable giving. The perceived risks with regard to the pandemic, in contrast, had no impact.
新冠疫情迅速成为全球许多国家前所未有的挑战，需要大量财政资源来支持国家医疗体系（NHS）。在意大利，这些资源大多来自公众缴纳的税款和货币捐赠。本研究旨在调查在诸如与新冠疫情相关的公共紧急情况下，公民愿意为国家医疗体系提供财政支持的前因。研究还旨在区分通过两种不同形式的财政贡献（纳税和慈善捐赠）来支持该体系的意愿。在意大利公共卫生紧急情况期间，即该国疫情达到高峰时，进行了一项实证研究（实验）。结果表明，当将财政贡献表述为一次性捐赠而非一次性纳税时，参与者更愿意提供财政支持。此外，研究发现，对资金管理的信任是预测通过纳税或慈善捐赠向国家医疗体系提供财政支持意愿的最重要因素。相比之下，对疫情的感知风险没有影响。
