Amankwaah Collins, Li Jianrong, Lee Jaesung, Pascall Melvin A
Department of Food Science and Technology The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA.
Department of Veterinary Biosciences The Ohio State University Columbus OH USA.
Food Sci Nutr. 2020 Sep 30;8(11):6174-6181. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.1910. eCollection 2020 Nov.
Edible coatings and films based on chitosan, and containing grape seed extract (GSE), were developed and their activities tested against murine norovirus (MNV-1), and K12. Grape seed extract concentrations of 1%, 1.5%, and 2.5% dissolved in deionized water resulted in MNV-1 plaque reductions ( < .05) of 1.75, 2.60, and 3.58 log PFU/ml, respectively after 3 hr. Two percent (w/w) chitosan solutions incorporated with 2.5% and 5% GSE also significantly ( < .05) reduced MNV-1 titers by 2.68 and 4.00 log PFU/ml, respectively after 3 hr. Additionally, incorporation of the GSE into the chitosan films also showed antimicrobial efficacy against MNV-1, . and . K12. Chitosan films containing 5%, 10%, and 15% GSE caused MNV-1 reductions of 0.92, 1.89, and 2.27 log PFU/ml, respectively, after 4 hr of incubation. Also, after 24 hr, the 5% and 10% GSE films reduced MNV-1 titers by 1.90 and 3.26 log PFU/ml, respectively, while the 15% GSE film reduced MNV-1 to undetectable levels. For . K12, there were reductions of 2.28, 5.18, and 7.14 log CFU/ml after 24 hr exposure by the 5%, 10%, and 15% GSE films, respectively. Also, . counts were reduced by 3.06, 6.15, and 6.91 log CFU/ml by the 5%, 10%, and 15% GSE films, respectively. This study demonstrated that GSE in edible films and coatings is effective against the organisms tested, and this shows that they are effective against foodborne microbes of public health concerns.
基于壳聚糖并含有葡萄籽提取物（GSE）的可食用涂层和薄膜被研发出来，并测试了它们对小鼠诺如病毒（MNV-1）和K12的活性。溶解于去离子水中的葡萄籽提取物浓度为1%、1.5%和2.5%时，3小时后MNV-1的噬斑减少量（<0.05）分别为1.75、2.60和3.58 log PFU/ml。含有2.5%和5% GSE的2%（w/w）壳聚糖溶液在3小时后也分别显著（<0.05）降低了MNV-1滴度，降低量为2.68和4.00 log PFU/ml。此外，将GSE掺入壳聚糖薄膜中也显示出对MNV-1以及K12的抗菌效果。含有5%、10%和15% GSE的壳聚糖薄膜在孵育4小时后，MNV-1的减少量分别为0.92、1.89和2.27 log PFU/ml。同样，24小时后，5%和10% GSE薄膜分别将MNV-1滴度降低了1.90和3.26 log PFU/ml，而15% GSE薄膜将MNV-1降低到检测不到的水平。对于K12，5%、10%和15% GSE薄膜在暴露24小时后，CFU/ml的减少量分别为2.28、5.18和7.14 log。同样，5%、10%和15% GSE薄膜的计数分别减少了3.06、6.15和6.91 log CFU/ml。这项研究表明，可食用薄膜和涂层中的GSE对所测试的生物体有效，这表明它们对涉及公共卫生的食源微生物有效。
