Tokranov Andrea K, Nishizawa Nicole, Amadei Carlo Alberto, Zenobio Jenny E, Pickard Heidi M, Allen Joseph G, Vecitis Chad D, Sunderland Elsie M
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Department of Agronomy, Interdisciplinary Ecological Science and Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054.
Environ Sci Technol Lett. 2019 Jan 8;6(1):38-43. doi: 10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00600. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Exposures to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been linked to metabolic disruption, immunotoxicity and cancer in humans. PFASs are known to be present in diverse consumer products including textiles and food packaging. Here we present a new method for quantifying the atomic percent fluorine (% F) in the surficial 0.01 μm of consumer products using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The surface of food contact materials and textiles measured in this study contained up to 28% F and 45% F, respectively. PTFE tape was measured to demonstrate XPS accuracy and precision. Depth profiles of fluorine content in consumer products measured using XPS showed highest levels at the upper-most surface in contact with the surrounding environment and a decrease below the surface. PFASs released in methanol extracts and quantified using traditional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry typically accounted for <1% of the fluorine measured with XPS in consumer products. We conclude that XPS is a useful technique for characterizing PFASs in consumer products because it can precisely quantify the surficial fluorine content of materials. XPS also allows identification of CF and CF groups in materials and can elucidate the depth dependent distribution of fluorine in products.
接触多氟和全氟烷基物质（PFASs）与人类的代谢紊乱、免疫毒性和癌症有关。已知PFASs存在于包括纺织品和食品包装在内的多种消费品中。在此，我们提出一种使用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）定量消费品表面0.01μm中氟原子百分比（%F）的新方法。本研究中测量的食品接触材料和纺织品表面分别含有高达28%F和45%F。对聚四氟乙烯胶带进行测量以证明XPS的准确性和精密度。使用XPS测量的消费品中氟含量的深度剖面显示，在与周围环境接触的最上层表面氟含量最高，在表面以下则减少。在甲醇提取物中释放并使用传统液相色谱 - 串联质谱法定量的PFASs通常占消费品中用XPS测量的氟的<1%。我们得出结论，XPS是表征消费品中PFASs的有用技术，因为它可以精确量化材料的表面氟含量。XPS还可以识别材料中的CF和CF基团，并能阐明产品中氟的深度依赖性分布。
