Russo Mario, Tirinato Luca, Scionti Francesca, Coluccio Maria Laura, Perozziello Gerardo, Riillo Caterina, Mollace Vincenzo, Gratteri Santo, Malara Natalia, Di Martino Maria Teresa, Viglietto Giuseppe, Tagliaferri Pierosandro, Tassone Pierfrancesco, Rossi Marco, Candeloro Patrizio
BioNEM (Bio and Nano Engineering for Medicine) Laboratory, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Università Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
ACS Omega. 2020 Nov 18;5(47):30436-30443. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03813. eCollection 2020 Dec 1.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by abnormal plasma cell proliferation within the bone marrow which leads to progressive bone marrow failure, skeletal osteolytic lesions, and renal insufficiency, thus severely affecting the quality of life. MM is always preceded by monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance (MGUS), which progresses to asymptomatic-MM (aMM) or symptomatic-MM (sMM) at a rate of 1% per year. Despite impressive progress in the therapy of the disease, MM remains incurable. Based on these premises, the identification of biomarkers of MGUS progression to MM is a crucial issue in disease management. In this regard, exosomes (EXs) and their precious biomolecular cargo could play a pivotal role in MM detection, stratification, and follow-up. Raman spectroscopy, a label- and manipulation-free technique, and its enhanced version, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), have been used for characterizing MGUS, aMM, and sMM patient-derived EXs. Here, we have demonstrated the capability of Raman spectroscopy for discriminating EXs along the progression from MGUS to aMM and sMM, thus providing useful clinical indications for patient care. The used SERS devices, based on random nanostructures, have shown good potential in terms of sensitivity, but further developments are needed for achieving reproducible and quantitative SERS results.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种血液系统恶性肿瘤，其特征是骨髓内异常浆细胞增殖，导致进行性骨髓衰竭、骨骼溶骨性病变和肾功能不全，从而严重影响生活质量。MM之前通常存在意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白病（MGUS），后者以每年1%的速率进展为无症状性MM（aMM）或有症状性MM（sMM）。尽管该疾病的治疗取得了显著进展，但MM仍然无法治愈。基于这些前提，识别MGUS进展为MM的生物标志物是疾病管理中的一个关键问题。在这方面，外泌体（EXs）及其宝贵的生物分子货物可能在MM的检测、分层和随访中发挥关键作用。拉曼光谱是一种无需标记和操作的技术，其增强版本表面增强拉曼光谱（SERS）已用于表征MGUS、aMM和sMM患者来源的EXs。在此，我们证明了拉曼光谱能够区分从MGUS到aMM和sMM进展过程中的EXs，从而为患者护理提供有用的临床指征。所使用的基于随机纳米结构的SERS装置在灵敏度方面显示出良好的潜力，但需要进一步改进以获得可重复和定量的SERS结果。
