Chawira A N, Warhurst D C, Robinson B L, Peters W
Department of Medical Protozoology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1987;81(4):554-8. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(87)90404-4.
Artemisinin is a novel antimalarial drug isolated in China from the wormwood plant Artemisia annua L. Studies with rodent malaria were carried out to detect antagonism and synergism with a variety of antimalarial drugs. Isobolograms of drug interaction were plotted at the ED90 level. With a normally susceptible strain of Plasmodium berghei, marked potentiative synergism was found with mefloquine, tetracycline and spiramycin. There was some synergism also with primaquine. Combinations of artemisinin with dapsone, sulfadiazine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine and cycloguanil showed antagonism. A high degree of potentiation was shown between artemisinin and primaquine with a primaquine-resistant strain, whilst the combination with mefloquine showed enhanced potentiation with a mefloquine-resistant strain. Combinations of artemisinin with mefloquine, primaquine, tetracycline or clindamycin showed marked potentiation with an artemisinin-resistant strain. The mechanisms underlying the drug interactions observed are discussed.
青蒿素是一种在中国从青蒿植物（黄花蒿）中分离出来的新型抗疟药物。对啮齿动物疟疾进行了研究，以检测其与多种抗疟药物的拮抗作用和协同作用。在ED90水平绘制了药物相互作用的等效线图。对于正常敏感的伯氏疟原虫菌株，发现与甲氟喹、四环素和螺旋霉素有显著的增效协同作用。与伯氨喹也有一些协同作用。青蒿素与氨苯砜、磺胺嘧啶、周效磺胺、乙胺嘧啶、乙胺嘧啶/周效磺胺和环氯胍的组合表现出拮抗作用。在对伯氨喹耐药的菌株中，青蒿素和伯氨喹之间表现出高度的增效作用，而在对甲氟喹耐药的菌株中，青蒿素与甲氟喹的组合表现出增强的增效作用。青蒿素与甲氟喹、伯氨喹、四环素或克林霉素的组合在对青蒿素耐药的菌株中表现出显著的增效作用。文中讨论了所观察到的药物相互作用的潜在机制。
