Khodadadi Masomeh, Nateghpour Mehdi, Souri Effat, Farivar Leila, Motevalli Haghi Afsaneh, Rahimi-Froushani Abbas, Karbalaei Zeinab
Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Dept. of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran ; Center for Research of Endemic Parasites of Iran (CREPI), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2013 Aug;42(8):883-8.
Drug resistance in malaria parasites is extending in the world particularly in chemical synthesized drugs such as 4- aminoquinolines and aminoalcoholes. Employing herbal extracts is encouraged by WHO in the malarious areas. In this study, the effectiveness of ethanolic extract of Artemisia aucheri individually and in combination with chloroquine, has been considered against chloroquine - sensitive strain of Plasmodium berghei.
At the first stage, ED50 of A. aucheri and chloroquine on P. berghei was calculated using in vivo test. Then based on the ED50s combination of A. aucheri and chloroquine with ratios of 0/100,10/90,20/80,30/70,40/60,50/50,60/40,70/30,80/20,90/10 and100/0 were tested against the parasite. For evaluating the adverse effect of A. aucheri on the mice, for two weeks 1000mg/kg of the extract was daily employed and the mice were followed up for fifty days.
ED50s for chloroquine and A. aucheri were 1.6mg/kg and 1000mg/kg respectively. The outcome of two drugs combination on the mice showed antagonistic effects on the chloroquine - sensitive strain of parasite. Two weeks daily administration of A. aucheri had no toxic effect on the mice.
A. aucheri individually can be effective in reducing the parasite while in combination with chloroquine loses its property.
疟原虫的耐药性在全球范围内不断蔓延，尤其是对化学合成药物如4-氨基喹啉和氨基醇类药物。世界卫生组织鼓励在疟疾流行地区使用草药提取物。在本研究中，已考察了黄花蒿乙醇提取物单独使用以及与氯喹联合使用对伯氏疟原虫氯喹敏感株的有效性。
在第一阶段，通过体内试验计算黄花蒿和氯喹对伯氏疟原虫的半数有效剂量（ED50）。然后根据ED50，以0/100、10/90、20/80、30/70、40/60、50/50、60/40、70/30、80/20、90/10和100/0的比例将黄花蒿与氯喹联合用于测试寄生虫。为评估黄花蒿对小鼠的不良反应，连续两周每天给予小鼠1000mg/kg提取物，并对小鼠进行50天的随访。
氯喹和黄花蒿的ED50分别为1.6mg/kg和1000mg/kg。两种药物联合对小鼠的结果显示对寄生虫的氯喹敏感株有拮抗作用。连续两周每天给予黄花蒿对小鼠无毒性作用。
黄花蒿单独使用可有效减少寄生虫数量，但与氯喹联合使用时则失去其特性。
