37046Hunan Children's Hospital, China.
118393Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, China.
Nurs Ethics. 2021 Aug;28(5):776-790. doi: 10.1177/0969733020968163. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
The empathy of nurses is associated with self-care and self-compassion, which may enhance the quality of the nurse-patient relationship. Yet, research on the empathy of nursing staff has mostly used cross-sectional designs, which cannot capture the degree of empathy changes over time. To explore changes in empathy among nurses in China from 2009 to 2018. A cross-temporal meta-analysis was used to examine continuous changes in the empathy of nurses. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used to conduct this cross-temporal meta-analysis of 57 samples of nurses in China who completed the three subscales (perspective-taking, compassionate care, and walking in the patient's shoes) of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals from 2009 to 2018 (N = 13,825). This meta-analysis was conducted following good scientific practice in every phase, and approval by ethics committees was not required according to the local regulations in China. The findings suggest that the nurses' mean total scores of empathy and perspective-taking on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Professionals declined significantly over time, but the trend in compassionate care and walking in the patient's shoes was not significant. No significant changes were found in the overall empathy or the three dimensions of empathy of the nurses in the Eastern region across time, whereas a significant decline was found on the total empathy and perspective-taking scores of the nurses in other regions (i.e. the Central and Western regions). The mean total score of empathy and walking in the patient's shoes of the nurses who worked in the intensive care units showed a significant decrease over time. Furthermore, these findings indicate that the empathy of Chinese nurses has decreased steadily over the past 10 years. High levels of empathy can effectively reduce healthcare risks, errors, and disputes among nursing staff and enhance patient satisfaction and well-being.
护士的同理心与自我关怀和自我同情有关，这可能会提高护患关系的质量。然而，护理人员同理心的研究大多采用横断面设计，无法捕捉同理心随时间的变化程度。本研究旨在探讨中国护士同理心从 2009 年到 2018 年的变化情况。采用跨时间荟萃分析来检验护士同理心的连续变化。本研究遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目指南，对 2009 年至 2018 年期间，在中国完成 Jefferson 同理心量表健康专业人员的三个分量表（观点采择、同情关怀和换位思考）的 57 个护士样本（N=13825）进行了跨时间荟萃分析。根据中国当地法规，本荟萃分析在每个阶段都遵循良好的科学实践，不需要伦理委员会的批准。研究结果表明，护士在 Jefferson 同理心量表健康专业人员的总得分和观点采择方面的平均得分随时间显著下降，但同情关怀和换位思考的趋势并不显著。东部地区护士的整体同理心或同理心的三个维度在不同时间没有显著变化，而其他地区（即中部和西部地区）的护士的总同理心和观点采择得分则显著下降。在重症监护病房工作的护士的同理心总分和换位思考得分随时间呈显著下降趋势。此外，这些发现表明，中国护士的同理心在过去 10 年中稳步下降。高水平的同理心可以有效降低医护风险、错误和护理人员之间的纠纷，提高患者满意度和幸福感。
