European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Solna, Sweden.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2021;42:81-96. doi: 10.21775/cimb.042.081. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever are both diseases with important public health implications and require prompt and thorough responses to outbreaks for future prevention. Effective methods for defining, diagnosing, reporting and responding to legionellosis outbreaks ideally should be standardized across countries. Therefore, the European Union surveillance methods for countering Legionnaires' disease is a useful model especially for travel-associated Legionnaires' disease (TALD) cases which are on the rise. Multi-country surveillance in the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) has evolved since the first organizational efforts in the 1980's to the currently responsible, European Legionnaires' Disease Surveillance Network (ELDSNet). This chapter outlines the practices of the EU surveillance of Legionnaires' disease including their schemata, definitions, responsibilities of participating members, methods and the results of the data collected since the program's inception. Lastly, improvements must still be made as the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the EU is likely underestimated due to underreporting and/or underdiagnosis. Nearly 70% of cases are reported from only four countries, France, Germany, Italy and Spain, which represent 50% of the EU population.
军团病和庞蒂亚克热都是具有重要公共卫生意义的疾病，需要对疫情爆发做出迅速而彻底的反应，以防止未来的疫情发生。理想情况下，应在各国之间标准化定义、诊断、报告和应对军团病疫情的有效方法。因此，欧盟对抗军团病的监测方法是一个有用的模式，特别是对于呈上升趋势的与旅行相关的军团病（TALD）病例。自 20 世纪 80 年代首次组织努力以来，欧盟和欧洲经济区（EEA）的多国监测已经发展到目前负责的欧洲军团病监测网络（ELDSNet）。本章概述了欧盟对军团病的监测实践，包括其方案、定义、参与成员的责任、方法以及自该计划启动以来收集的数据结果。最后，由于报告不足和/或诊断不足，军团病在欧盟的发病率可能被低估，因此仍需做出改进。近 70%的病例仅来自法国、德国、意大利和西班牙这四个国家，这四个国家占欧盟人口的 50%。
