Delle Donne Valentina, Ciccarelli Nicoletta, Massaroni Valentina, Lombardi Francesca, Lamonica Silvia, Borghetti Alberto, Fabbiani Massimiliano, Cauda Roberto, Di Giambenedetto Simona
Infectious Diseases Institute, Department of Safety and Bioethics, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Catholic University, Milan, Italy.
Infez Med. 2021 Mar 1;29(1):54-64.
The aim of this study was to explore the psychological impact of the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on people living with HIV (PLWH), a population at increased risk of psychological distress. PLWH participated in an online survey exploring demographic and clinical data, physical symptoms, contact history, knowledge and concerns, precautionary measures and additional information about COVID-19 during the first phase of the pandemic in Italy. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) (identifying the COVID-19 pandemic as a specific traumatic life event) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) also formed part of the survey. Out of 98 participants, 45% revealed from mild to severe psychological impact from COVID-19 according to IES-R. A lower percentage, instead, complained of significant levels of depression (14%), anxiety (11%) or stress (6%) according to DASS-21. Higher education, being unemployed, number of perceived COVID-19 physical symptoms, concerns about risk of contracting COVID-19 and the pandemic situation in Italy, and needing additional information to prevent COVID-19 infection were positively associated to a higher risk of negative psychological impact. Moreover, among the participants, female gender, age, fewer years from HIV diagnosis and not being aware of their own viremia were associated to a higher risk of negative psychological outcomes. Almost half of our PLWH sample experienced significant levels of distress related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Women, elderly patients and those with recent HIV diagnosis appear to be the more psychologically fragile subgroups. Our findings could help identify patients most in need of psychological interventions to improve the wellbeing of PLWH.
本研究的目的是探讨2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行初期对艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）的心理影响，这是一个心理困扰风险增加的人群。在意大利大流行的第一阶段，PLWH参与了一项在线调查，该调查探索了人口统计学和临床数据、身体症状、接触史、知识和担忧、预防措施以及关于COVID-19的其他信息。事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）（将COVID-19大流行确定为特定的创伤性生活事件）和抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS-21）也是该调查的一部分。在98名参与者中，根据IES-R，45%的人显示出COVID-19造成的从轻度到重度的心理影响。相反，根据DASS-21，抱怨有显著抑郁水平（14%）、焦虑水平（11%）或压力水平（6%）的比例较低。高等教育、失业、感知到的COVID-19身体症状数量、对感染COVID-19风险和意大利大流行情况的担忧以及需要更多信息来预防COVID-19感染与负面心理影响的较高风险呈正相关。此外，在参与者中，女性、年龄、自艾滋病毒诊断以来的年数较少以及不知道自己的病毒血症与负面心理结果的较高风险相关。我们的PLWH样本中近一半经历了与COVID-19大流行相关的显著痛苦水平。女性、老年患者和最近诊断出艾滋病毒的患者似乎是心理上更脆弱的亚组。我们的研究结果有助于确定最需要心理干预的患者，以改善PLWH的福祉。
