Diazdelacruz Jose
Department of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Entropy (Basel). 2020 Jan 24;22(2):138. doi: 10.3390/e22020138.
Thermodynamics establishes a relation between the work that can be obtained in a transformation of a physical system and its relative entropy with respect to the equilibrium state. It also describes how the bits of an informational reservoir can be traded for work using Heat Engines. Therefore, an indirect relation between the relative entropy and the informational bits is implied. From a different perspective, we define procedures to store information about the state of a physical system into a sequence of . Our labeling operations provide reversible ways of trading the relative entropy gained from the observation of a physical system for adequately initialized qubits, which are used to hold that information. After taking into account all the qubits involved, we reproduce the relations mentioned above between relative entropies of physical systems and the bits of information reservoirs. Some of them hold only under a restricted class of coding bases. The reason for it is that quantum states do not necessarily commute. However, we prove that it is always possible to find a basis (equivalent to the total angular momentum one) for which Thermodynamics and our labeling system yield the same relation.
热力学建立了物理系统转变过程中可获得的功与其相对于平衡态的相对熵之间的关系。它还描述了如何利用热机将信息库中的比特转换为功。因此，相对熵与信息比特之间存在间接关系。从不同的角度来看，我们定义了将物理系统状态信息存储到一系列……中的过程。我们的标记操作提供了可逆的方式，将从观察物理系统获得的相对熵转换为充分初始化的量子比特，这些量子比特用于保存该信息。在考虑了所有涉及的量子比特之后，我们重现了上述物理系统相对熵与信息库比特之间的关系。其中一些关系仅在受限的编码基类下成立。原因是量子态不一定对易。然而，我们证明总是可以找到一个基（等同于总角动量基），对于该基，热力学和我们的标记系统给出相同的关系。
