Huazano-García Alicia, Silva-Adame María Blanca, Vázquez-Martínez Juan, Gastelum-Arellanez Argel, Sánchez-Segura Lino, López Mercedes G
Departamento de Biotecnología y Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Irapuato, Guanajuato 36821, Mexico.
Cátedra CONACYT, Centro de Innovación Aplicada en Tecnologías Competitivas A.C. (CIATEC AC), León 37545, Guanajuato, Mexico.
Foods. 2020 Dec 3;9(12):1792. doi: 10.3390/foods9121792.
Highly branched neo-fructans (agavins) are natural prebiotics found in Agave plants, with a large capacity to mitigate the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Here, we investigated the impact of agavins intake on gut microbiota modulation and their metabolites as well as their effect on metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation in mice fed high-fat diet. Mice were fed with a standard diet (ST) and high-fat diet (HF) alone or plus an agavins supplement (HF+A) for ten weeks. Gut microbiota composition, fecal metabolite profiles, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and systemic effects were analyzed. Agavins intake induced substantial changes in gut microbiota composition, enriching , , , , and genus (LDA > 3.0). l-leucine, l-valine, uracil, thymine, and some fatty acids were identified as possible biomarkers for this prebiotic supplement. As novel findings, agavins supplementation significantly decreased LPS and pro-inflammatory (IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α; < 0.05) cytokines levels in portal vein. In addition, lipid droplets content in the liver and adipocytes size also decreased with agavins consumption. In conclusion, agavins supplementation mitigate metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation and their metabolic products, thus inducing beneficial responses on metabolic disorders in high-fat diet-fed mice.
高度分支的新果聚糖（龙舌兰果聚糖）是在龙舌兰植物中发现的天然益生元，具有显著减轻肥胖和代谢综合征发展的能力。在此，我们研究了摄入龙舌兰果聚糖对肠道微生物群调节及其代谢产物的影响，以及对高脂饮食喂养小鼠的代谢性内毒素血症和低度炎症的影响。小鼠分别单独喂食标准饮食（ST）和高脂饮食（HF），或高脂饮食加龙舌兰果聚糖补充剂（HF+A），持续10周。分析了肠道微生物群组成、粪便代谢物谱、脂多糖（LPS）、促炎细胞因子和全身效应。摄入龙舌兰果聚糖引起肠道微生物群组成的显著变化，富集了 、 、 、 和 属（线性判别分析得分>3.0）。l-亮氨酸、l-缬氨酸、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和一些脂肪酸被确定为这种益生元补充剂的潜在生物标志物。作为新发现，补充龙舌兰果聚糖显著降低了门静脉中LPS和促炎（IL-1α、IL-1β和TNF-α；P<0.05）细胞因子水平。此外，随着龙舌兰果聚糖的摄入，肝脏中的脂滴含量和脂肪细胞大小也有所降低。总之，补充龙舌兰果聚糖可减轻代谢性内毒素血症和低度炎症，这与肠道微生物群调节及其代谢产物有关，从而对高脂饮食喂养小鼠的代谢紊乱产生有益反应。
