State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Institute of Hydrobiology, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products / Institute of Hydrobiology, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, Zhejiang, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Jan 15;269:116116. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116116. Epub 2020 Dec 1.
It is necessary to understand the interactions between different pesticides in ecotoxicology because pesticides never appear as individual compounds but rather in combinations with other compounds. In this study, we planned to explicate the combined toxic effect of myclobutanil (MYC) and thiamethoxam (THI) on the zebrafish (Danio rerio) by adopting multiple biomarkers. Results unraveled that the 96-h LC values of MYC to D. rerio at various life phases ranged from 5.2 to 10.3 mg L, which were lower than those of THI ranging from 147 to 246 mg L. Combinations of MYC and THI exhibited synergetic toxicity to zebrafish embryos. The activities of antioxidative enzymes (T-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD and POD) and detoxification enzyme (GST) were obviously varied in most of the MYC, THI and combined exposures compared to the control. The mRNA expressions of eight genes (Cu-sod, cas3, il-8, cxcl, erα, crh, cyp17 and dio1) involved in antioxidation, apoptosis, immunity and endocrine were obviously altered in the combined exposure of MYC and THI compared to their individual exposures. Our findings hinted the threats when YMC and THI co-existed, which would be beneficial for the risk assessments of pesticide mixtures.
在生态毒理学中，有必要了解不同农药之间的相互作用，因为农药从不单独出现，而是与其他化合物组合出现。在这项研究中，我们计划采用多种生物标志物来阐明杀菌剂戊唑醇（MYC）和噻虫嗪（THI）对斑马鱼（Danio rerio）的联合毒性作用。结果表明，在不同生命阶段，戊唑醇对斑马鱼的 96 小时 LC 值范围为 5.2 至 10.3mg/L，低于噻虫嗪的 147 至 246mg/L。戊唑醇和噻虫嗪联合暴露对斑马鱼胚胎表现出协同毒性。与对照组相比，大多数戊唑醇、噻虫嗪和联合暴露组的抗氧化酶（T-SOD、Cu/Zn-SOD 和 POD）和解毒酶（GST）活性明显变化。与单独暴露相比，在 MYC 和 THI 的联合暴露中，涉及抗氧化、细胞凋亡、免疫和内分泌的 8 个基因（Cu-sod、cas3、il-8、cxcl、erα、crh、cyp17 和 dio1）的 mRNA 表达明显改变。我们的研究结果暗示了当 YMC 和 THI 共存时的威胁，这将有助于对农药混合物的风险评估。
