Pelclova Daniela, Zdimal Vladimir, Komarc Martin, Schwarz Jaroslav, Ondracek Jakub, Ondrackova Lucie, Kostejn Martin, Vlckova Stepanka, Fenclova Zdenka, Dvorackova Stepanka, Lischkova Lucie, Klusackova Pavlina, Kolesnikova Viktoriia, Rossnerova Andrea, Navratil Tomas
Department of Occupational Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Na Bojisti 1, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals CAS, Rozvojova 1/135, 165 02 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 Dec 6;10(12):2440. doi: 10.3390/nano10122440.
Human data concerning exposure to nanoparticles are very limited, and biomarkers for monitoring exposure are urgently needed. In a follow-up of a 2016 study in a nanocomposites plant, in which only exhaled breath condensate (EBC) was examined, eight markers of oxidative stress were analyzed in three bodily fluids, i.e., EBC, plasma and urine, in both pre-shift and post-shift samples in 2017 and 2018. Aerosol exposures were monitored. Mass concentration in 2017 was 0.351 mg/m during machining, and 0.179 and 0.217 mg/m during machining and welding, respectively, in 2018. In number concentrations, nanoparticles formed 96%, 90% and 59%, respectively. In both years, pre-shift elevations of 50.0% in EBC, 37.5% in plasma and 6.25% in urine biomarkers were observed. Post-shift elevation reached 62.5% in EBC, 68.8% in plasma and 18.8% in urine samples. The same trend was observed in all biological fluids. Individual factors were responsible for the elevation of control subjects' afternoon vs. morning markers in 2018; all were significantly lower compared to those of workers. Malondialdehyde levels were always acutely shifted, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine levels best showed chronic exposure effect. EBC and plasma analysis appear to be the ideal fluids for bio-monitoring of oxidative stress arising from engineered nanomaterials. Potential late effects need to be targeted and prevented, as there is a similarity of EBC findings in patients with silicosis and asbestosis.
关于纳米颗粒暴露的人体数据非常有限，因此迫切需要用于监测暴露情况的生物标志物。在对一家纳米复合材料工厂2016年的一项研究进行随访时（该研究仅检测了呼出气冷凝物），于2017年和2018年在班前和班后样本中对三种体液（即呼出气冷凝物、血浆和尿液）中的八种氧化应激标志物进行了分析。同时对气溶胶暴露情况进行了监测。2017年加工过程中的质量浓度为0.351 mg/m³，2018年加工和焊接过程中的质量浓度分别为0.179 mg/m³和0.217 mg/m³。在数量浓度方面，纳米颗粒分别占96%、90%和59%。在这两年中，观察到班前呼出气冷凝物中的生物标志物升高了50.0%，血浆中升高了37.5%，尿液中升高了6.25%。班后呼出气冷凝物中的升高幅度达到62.5%，血浆中达到68.8%，尿液样本中达到18.8%。在所有生物体液中均观察到相同趋势。个体因素导致了2018年对照组受试者下午与上午标志物的升高；与工人的标志物相比，所有这些标志物均显著较低。丙二醛水平总是急剧变化，而8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷水平最能显示慢性暴露效应。呼出气冷凝物和血浆分析似乎是对工程纳米材料引起的氧化应激进行生物监测的理想体液。由于矽肺病和石棉沉着病患者的呼出气冷凝物检测结果存在相似性，因此需要针对并预防潜在的晚期影响。
