Sundaralingam Anand, Bedawi Eihab O, Rahman Najib M
Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
Oxford Respiratory Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LE, UK.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2020 Dec 4;10(12):1046. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics10121046.
Pleural disease diagnostics represent a sprawling topic that has enjoyed a renaissance in recent years from humble beginnings. Whilst pleural patients are heterogeneous as a population and in the aetiology of the disease with which they present, we provide an overview of the typical diagnostic approach. Pleural fluid analysis is the cornerstone of the diagnostic pathway; however, it has many shortcomings. Strong cases have been made for more invasive upfront investigations, including image-guided biopsies or local anaesthetic thoracoscopy, in selected populations. Imaging can guide the diagnostic process as well as act as a vehicle to facilitate therapies, and this is never truer than with the recent advances in thoracic ultrasound.
胸膜疾病的诊断是一个庞大的主题，近年来已从最初的基础上复兴。虽然胸膜疾病患者作为一个群体以及他们所患疾病的病因各不相同，但我们提供了典型诊断方法的概述。胸腔积液分析是诊断途径的基石；然而，它有许多缺点。对于特定人群，已有充分理由支持采用更具侵入性的前期检查，包括影像引导下活检或局部麻醉胸腔镜检查。影像学可以指导诊断过程，并作为促进治疗的手段，而随着胸部超声的最新进展，情况更是如此。
