Sahilu Tamiru, Getachew Mestawet, Melaku Tsegaye, Sheleme Tadesse
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Curr Ther Res Clin Exp. 2020 Oct 29;93:100611. doi: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2020.100611. eCollection 2020.
Adverse drug events (ADEs) are common complications of clinical care resulting in significant morbidity, mortality, and high clinical expenditure. Population-level estimates of inpatient ADEs are limited in Ethiopia.
This study aimed to assess the incidence, contributing factors, severity, and preventability of ADEs among hospitalized adult patients at Jimma Medical Center, Ethiopia.
A prospective observational study design was conducted among hospitalized adult patients at tertiary hospital in Ethiopia. A structured data collection tool was prepared from relevant literatures for data collection. Data were analyzed using statistical software. Logistic regression was performed to identify factors contributing to ADE occurrence. values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
A total of 319 patients were included with follow-up period of 5667 person-days. About 50.5% were women. The mean (SD) age of patients was 43 (17.6) years. One hundred sixteen ADEs were identified with the incidence of 36.4 (95% CI, 30.1-43.6) per 100 admissions and 20.5 (95% CI, 16.9-24.6) per 1000 person-days. Antituberculosis agents (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.52; 95% CI, 1.06-5.98; = 0.036), disease of the circulatory system (aOR = 2.67; 95% CI, 1.46-4.89; = 0.001), disease of the digestive system (aOR = 2.84; 95% CI, 1.45-5.57; = 0.002), being on medication during admission (aOR = 3.09; 95% CI, 1.77-5.41; < 0.001), and hospital stay more than 2 weeks (aOR = 3.93; 95% CI, 1.39-11.12; = 0.010) were independent predictors of ADE occurrence.
One in every 4 patients admitted to the hospital experienced ADEs during their hospital stay. Most ADEs were moderate in severity. About two-thirds of the ADEs identified were deemed probably or definitely preventable. Therefore, it is high time to reinforce large-scale efforts to redesign safer, higher quality health care systems to adequately tackle the problem.
药物不良事件（ADEs）是临床护理中常见的并发症，会导致严重的发病率、死亡率以及高昂的临床费用。埃塞俄比亚在人群层面上对住院患者药物不良事件的估计有限。
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚吉马医疗中心住院成年患者中药物不良事件的发生率、促成因素、严重程度及可预防性。
在埃塞俄比亚一家三级医院对住院成年患者进行前瞻性观察性研究设计。从相关文献中准备了结构化数据收集工具用于数据收集。使用统计软件对数据进行分析。进行逻辑回归以确定导致药物不良事件发生的因素。P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
共纳入319例患者，随访期为5667人日。约50.5%为女性。患者的平均（标准差）年龄为43（17.6）岁。共识别出116例药物不良事件，每100例入院患者的发生率为36.4（95%置信区间，30.1 - 43.6），每1000人日的发生率为20.5（95%置信区间，16.9 - 24.6）。抗结核药物（调整优势比[aOR]=2.52；95%置信区间，1.06 - 5.98；P = 0.036）、循环系统疾病（aOR = 2.67；95%置信区间，1.46 - 4.89；P = 0.001）、消化系统疾病（aOR = 2.84；95%置信区间，1.45 - 5.57；P = 0.002）、入院期间正在用药（aOR = 3.09；95%置信区间，1.77 - 5.41；P < 0.001）以及住院时间超过2周（aOR = 3.93；95%置信区间，1.39 - 11.12；P = 0.010）是药物不良事件发生的独立预测因素。
每4名入院患者中就有1名在住院期间经历了药物不良事件。大多数药物不良事件的严重程度为中度。所识别出的药物不良事件中约三分之二被认为可能或肯定是可预防的。因此，现在是时候加大力度重新设计更安全、更高质量的医疗保健系统，以充分解决这一问题了。
