埃塞俄比亚工作场所性暴力的流行情况：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Prevalence of sexual violence in Ethiopian workplaces: systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
出版信息
Reprod Health. 2020 Dec 9;17(1):195. doi: 10.1186/s12978-020-01050-2.
BACKGROUND
Workplace sexual violence is a significant public health problem in low and middle-income countries, including Ethiopia. However, except for individual studies with varying prevalence rates in different occupations, there are no national prevalence studies conducted in workplace settings in Ethiopia. Appropriate estimation of the problem is essential to formulate health service plans most fitted for workplaces. Hence, this review and meta-analysis intended to estimate the national pooled prevalence of workplace sexual violence in Ethiopia.
METHODS
The databases used were; PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and African Journals Online. For a critical appraisal of the papers, we used the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument for cross-sectional studies. The meta-analysis was conducted using comprehensive meta-analysis and MetaXL software. Descriptive information of studies was presented in narrative form, and quantitative results were presented in forest plots. The Cochran Q test and I test statistics were employed to test heterogeneity across studies. A random-effect model computed the pooled estimate prevalence with 95% confidence intervals.
RESULTS
The pooled prevalence of workplace sexual violence was 22% (95% CI 17%, 28%). The pooled prevalence was 14.1% (95% CI 10.4%, 18.9%) for attempted rape, 8% (95% CI 5.7%, 11.1%) for rape, and 33.2% (95% CI 24.1%, 43.7%) for sexual harassment. The pooled prevalence was the highest among female university staffs 49% (95% CI 45%, 56%), and among commercial sex workers 28% (95% CI 3%, 59%).
CONCLUSIONS
This analysis revealed that the prevalence of sexual violence and sexual harassment in Ethiopian workplaces is high. It was also exceptionally high among female faculty staff, commercial sex workers, and workplaces in Tigray National regional state. Thus, concerned stakeholders must design and implement effective interventions to prevent workplace sexual violence in workplaces in Ethiopia and provide necessary support and care to the victims.
背景
workplace sexual violence 是中低收入国家（包括埃塞俄比亚）的一个重大公共卫生问题。然而，除了不同职业的个别研究报告了不同的流行率外，埃塞俄比亚还没有在工作场所进行过全国性的流行率研究。对问题进行适当的估计对于制定最适合工作场所的卫生服务计划至关重要。因此，本综述和荟萃分析旨在估计埃塞俄比亚全国工作场所性暴力的总体流行率。
方法
使用的数据库包括：PubMed、Google Scholar、CINAHL 和 African Journals Online。对于论文的批判性评价，我们使用了 Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument 进行横断面研究。使用 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 和 MetaXL 软件进行荟萃分析。研究的描述性信息以叙述形式呈现，定量结果以森林图呈现。Cochran Q 检验和 I 检验统计量用于检验研究之间的异质性。采用随机效应模型计算合并估计流行率及其 95%置信区间。
结果
工作场所性暴力的总体流行率为 22%（95%CI 17%，28%）。未遂强奸的总体流行率为 14.1%（95%CI 10.4%，18.9%），强奸的总体流行率为 8%（95%CI 5.7%，11.1%），性骚扰的总体流行率为 33.2%（95%CI 24.1%，43.7%）。女性大学教职员工的总体流行率最高，为 49%（95%CI 45%，56%），商业性工作者的总体流行率为 28%（95%CI 3%，59%）。
结论
本分析显示，埃塞俄比亚工作场所性暴力和性骚扰的流行率很高。在女性教职员工、商业性工作者和提格雷国家地区州的工作场所中，这一比率尤其高。因此，利益相关者必须设计和实施有效的干预措施，以防止埃塞俄比亚工作场所的工作场所性暴力，并为受害者提供必要的支持和护理。
Zotero 插件