Tikhe Chinmay V, Dimopoulos George
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States; Johns Hopkins Malaria Research Institute, United States.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2021 Mar;116:103964. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103964. Epub 2020 Dec 7.
Mosquitoes are vectors of a large number of viral pathogens. In recent years, increased urbanization and climate change has expanded the range of many vector mosquitoes. The lack of effective medical interventions has made the control of mosquito-borne viral diseases very difficult. Understanding the interactions between the mosquito immune system and viruses is critical if we are to develop effective control strategies against these diseases. Mosquitoes harbor multiple conserved immune pathways that curb invading viral pathogens. Despite the conservation of these pathways, the activation and intensity of the mosquito immune response varies with the mosquito species, tissue, and the infecting virus. This article reviews major conserved antiviral immune pathways in vector mosquitoes, their interactions with invading viral pathogens, and how these interactions restrict or promote infection of these medically important viruses.
蚊子是多种病毒病原体的传播媒介。近年来，城市化进程的加快和气候变化扩大了许多媒介蚊子的分布范围。由于缺乏有效的医学干预措施，控制蚊媒病毒疾病变得非常困难。如果我们要制定针对这些疾病的有效控制策略，了解蚊子免疫系统与病毒之间的相互作用至关重要。蚊子拥有多种保守的免疫途径来抑制入侵的病毒病原体。尽管这些途径具有保守性，但蚊子免疫反应的激活和强度会因蚊子种类、组织以及感染病毒的不同而有所变化。本文综述了媒介蚊子中主要的保守抗病毒免疫途径、它们与入侵病毒病原体的相互作用，以及这些相互作用如何限制或促进这些医学上重要病毒的感染。
