白藜芦醇：神经精神药理学的“奇迹”药物，还是仅对小鼠有认知增强作用？系统评价和荟萃分析。
Resveratrol: A "miracle" drug in neuropsychiatry or a cognitive enhancer for mice only? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
出版信息
Ageing Res Rev. 2021 Jan;65:101199. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101199. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
BACKGROUND
Over the last decade resveratrol has been trialled for the prevention and treatment of cognitive decline; however, the results have shown a conflict between human studies compared with animal studies, especially on cognition, blood pressure, neuroimaging, and mood.
METHODS
Human clinical trials and animal studies published prior to January 2020, were identified searching across major electronic databases. PRISMA guidelines were used for data extraction, which was independently performed by two authors. Pooled standard mean difference (SMD, random effect model) and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated.
RESULTS
Most publications on animal models reported positive outcomes on cognition and brain function following exposure to resveratrol or grape seed extracts. By contrast, 11 meta-analyses of data from human placebo vs resveratrol, grape or wine treatment trials identified no statistically significant effect on a variety of measures, including cognitive and mood assessments, grey matter volume and blood pressure.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on currently available data, the promising effects of resveratrol in animal models is not replicated in human clinical trials. The effects, if any, of resveratrol on human cognition are likely to be small. This work may be useful for the design and implementation of future pre-clinical and clinical studies using resveratrol in a neurological setting.
背景
在过去的十年中，白藜芦醇已被尝试用于预防和治疗认知能力下降；然而，与动物研究相比，人类研究的结果显示出冲突，尤其是在认知、血压、神经影像学和情绪方面。
方法
我们通过搜索主要电子数据库，确定了 2020 年 1 月之前发表的人类临床试验和动物研究。使用 PRISMA 指南进行数据提取，由两名作者独立进行。计算了合并的标准均数差（SMD，随机效应模型）和比值比（ORs）。
结果
大多数关于动物模型的出版物报告称，在接触白藜芦醇或葡萄籽提取物后，认知和大脑功能会出现积极的结果。相比之下，11 项针对人类安慰剂与白藜芦醇、葡萄或葡萄酒治疗试验数据的荟萃分析表明，在各种测量指标（包括认知和情绪评估、灰质体积和血压）上没有统计学意义上的影响。
结论
基于目前可用的数据，白藜芦醇在动物模型中的有希望的效果在人类临床试验中没有得到复制。如果白藜芦醇对人类认知有任何影响，其效果可能很小。这项工作可能有助于在神经学环境中使用白藜芦醇进行未来的临床前和临床试验的设计和实施。
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