Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2021 Mar;30(3):545-553. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-1244. Epub 2020 Dec 10.
The potential effect of alcohol or tea intake on the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains controversial.
In a population-based case-control study in southern China, we assessed alcohol or tea intake from 2,441 histopathologically confirmed NPC cases and 2,546 controls. We calculated mean daily ethanol (g/day) and tea intake (mL/day). Fully adjusted ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using logistic regression; potential dose-response trends were evaluated using restricted cubic spline analysis.
Compared with nondrinkers, no significantly increased NPC risk in men was observed among current alcohol drinkers overall (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.93-1.25), nor among current heavy drinkers (OR for ≥90 g/day ethanol vs. none, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.95-1.84) or former alcohol drinkers. Current tea drinking was associated with a decreased NPC risk (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.64-0.84). Compared with never drinkers, those with the low first three quintiles of mean daily current intake of tea were at significantly lower NPC risk (OR, 0.53, 0.68, and 0.65, respectively), but not significant for the next two quintiles. Current daily tea intake had a significant nonlinear dose-response relation with NPC risk.
Our study suggests no significant association between alcohol and NPC risk. Tea drinking may moderately reduce NPC risk, but the lack of a monotonic dose-response association complicates causal inference.
Tea drinking might be a healthy habit for preventing NPC. More studies on biological mechanisms that may link tea with NPC risk are needed.
饮酒或饮茶对鼻咽癌（NPC）风险的潜在影响仍存在争议。
在中国南方进行的一项基于人群的病例对照研究中，我们评估了 2441 例经组织病理学证实的 NPC 病例和 2546 例对照者的酒精或茶摄入情况。我们计算了平均每日乙醇（g/天）和茶的摄入量（mL/天）。使用逻辑回归估计完全调整后的 OR 和 95%置信区间（CI）；使用限制性立方样条分析评估潜在的剂量-反应趋势。
与非饮酒者相比，总体而言，当前饮酒者中并未观察到 NPC 风险显著增加（OR，1.08；95%CI，0.93-1.25），也未观察到当前重度饮酒者（每日≥90g 乙醇 vs. 不饮酒者，OR，1.32；95%CI，0.95-1.84）或既往饮酒者中 NPC 风险增加。当前饮茶与 NPC 风险降低相关（OR，0.73；95%CI，0.64-0.84）。与从不饮酒者相比，前三个五分位数的当前平均每日饮茶量较低的 NPC 风险显著降低（OR 分别为 0.53、0.68 和 0.65），但接下来的两个五分位数无统计学意义。当前每日茶摄入量与 NPC 风险呈显著非线性剂量-反应关系。
我们的研究表明，饮酒与 NPC 风险之间无显著关联。饮茶可能适度降低 NPC 风险，但缺乏单调的剂量-反应关联使因果推断复杂化。
饮茶可能是预防 NPC 的健康习惯。需要更多关于可能将茶与 NPC 风险联系起来的生物学机制的研究。
