Langenmayr A
Universität Gesamthochschule Essen.
Z Klin Psychol Psychopathol Psychother. 1987;35(4):334-43.
The possible effects of maternal employment on children were investigated. Whereas 30 years ago especially behavior disorders were found to be correlating, today the situation is more differentiate. Results suggest, that the effects of maternal employment have changed the years. The effects depend on the degree of the mother's satisfaction with her work, the sex of the children, social class, children's age, residential area, substitute care, the possibility to conciliate working and private needs as well as the attitude of society regarding working mothers. The part of the father in this connection is controversial. Lately unconscious motives of working (e.g. career drive resulting from early familial conflicts, marriage problems) or non-working (e.g. fear of occupational conflicts) mothers are regarded more intensively. Correlations are especially found to sex role understanding of the children, as well as to intelectual development and emotional stability dependent on further factors.
研究了母亲就业对孩子可能产生的影响。30年前，尤其发现母亲就业与行为障碍有关联，而如今情况更为复杂。结果表明，母亲就业的影响随时间发生了变化。这些影响取决于母亲对其工作的满意程度、孩子的性别、社会阶层、孩子的年龄、居住地区、替代照料、协调工作与私人需求的可能性以及社会对职业母亲的态度。在这方面，父亲所起的作用存在争议。最近，人们更加关注在职（例如，因早期家庭冲突、婚姻问题导致的职业驱动力）或非在职（例如，害怕职业冲突）母亲的无意识动机。尤其发现这些动机与孩子对性别角色的理解、以及取决于其他因素的智力发展和情绪稳定性相关。
