Institute for Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environment Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9b, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Institute of Sport Science, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 10;10(1):21722. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-78846-6.
In the application of range of motion (ROM) tests there is little agreement on the number of repetitions to be measured and the number of preceding warm-up protocols. In stretch training a plateau in ROM gains can be seen after four to five repetitions. With increasing number of repetitions, the gain in ROM is reduced. This study examines the question of whether such an effect occurs in common ROM tests. Twenty-two healthy sport students (10 m/12 f.) with an average age of 25.3 ± 1.94 years (average height 174.1 ± 9.8 cm; weight 66.6 ± 11.3 kg and BMI 21.9 ± 2.0 kg/cm) volunteered in this study. Each subject performed five ROM tests in a randomized order-measured either via a tape measure or a digital inclinometer: Tape measure was used to evaluate the Fingertip-to-Floor test (FtF) and the Lateral Inclination test (LI). Retroflexion of the trunk modified after Janda (RF), Thomas test (TT) and a Shoulder test modified after Janda (ST) were evaluated with a digital inclinometer. In order to show general acute effects within 20 repetitions we performed ANOVA/Friedman-test with multiple comparisons. A non-linear regression was then performed to identify a plateau formation. Significance level was set at 5%. In seven out of eight ROM tests (five tests in total with three tests measured both left and right sides) significant flexibility gains were observed (FtF: p < 0.001; LI-left/right: p < 0.001/0.001; RF: p = 0.009; ST-left/right: p < 0.001/p = 0.003; TT-left: p < 0.001). A non-linear regression with random effects was successfully applied on FtF, RF, LI-left/right, ST-left and TT-left and thus, indicate a gradual decline in the amount of gained ROM. An acute effect was observed in most ROM tests, which is characterized by a gradual decline of ROM gain. For those tests, we can state that the acute effect described in the stretching literature also applies to the performance of typical ROM tests. Since a non-linear behavior was shown, it is the decision of the practitioner to weigh up between measurement accuracy and expenditure. Researchers and practitioners should consider this when applying ROM assessments to healthy young adults.
在关节活动度（ROM）测试的应用中，对于要测量的重复次数和预热方案的数量，尚未达成共识。在伸展训练中，重复 4 到 5 次后，ROM 增益会达到平台期。随着重复次数的增加，ROM 的增益会减少。本研究探讨了这种效应是否会出现在常见的 ROM 测试中。22 名健康的运动学生（10 名男性/12 名女性）参与了这项研究，平均年龄为 25.3±1.94 岁（平均身高 174.1±9.8cm；体重 66.6±11.3kg 和 BMI 21.9±2.0kg/cm）。每位受试者以随机顺序进行了 5 项 ROM 测试——使用卷尺或数字测斜仪进行测量：卷尺用于评估指尖到地面测试（FtF）和横向倾斜测试（LI）。经过 Janda 改良的躯干后伸（RF）、托马斯测试（TT）和经过 Janda 改良的肩部测试（ST）使用数字测斜仪进行评估。为了在 20 次重复内显示出一般的急性效应，我们进行了具有多次比较的方差分析/弗里德曼检验。然后进行非线性回归以确定平台形成。显著性水平设置为 5%。在八项 ROM 测试中的七项中（五项测试总共测量了左右两侧的三项测试），观察到明显的柔韧性提高（FtF：p<0.001；LI-左/右：p<0.001/0.001；RF：p=0.009；ST-左/右：p<0.001/p=0.003；TT-左：p<0.001）。成功地对 FtF、RF、LI-左/右、ST-左和 TT-左进行了随机效应的非线性回归，从而表明 ROM 获得量逐渐下降。在大多数 ROM 测试中观察到急性效应，其特征是 ROM 增益逐渐下降。对于这些测试，我们可以断言，伸展文献中描述的急性效应也适用于典型的 ROM 测试的执行。由于显示出非线性行为，因此，实践者可以权衡测量精度和支出之间的关系。研究人员和实践者在将 ROM 评估应用于健康年轻成年人时应考虑到这一点。
