Owoeye Oluwatoyosi B A, Rauvola Rachel S, Brownson Ross C
Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA.
Department of Psychology, College of Science and Health, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2020 Nov 13;6(1):e000974. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000974. eCollection 2020.
Knowledge from research evidence is wasted unless it is applied. While the scientific evidence base for many sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy interventions is robust, real-world implementation and evolution to scale remains an ongoing challenge. Dissemination and implementation research is important to generate evidence-informed, cost-effective and context-specific strategies for implementation partners and stakeholders to effectively apply and sustain the best research evidence in public health and clinical practice. However, this field of inquiry remains underexplored in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy. Most intervention studies in sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy are terminated at the efficacy trial stage without considerations for best practices for translation to community and clinical settings. Lack of context-specific dissemination and implementation strategies to drive the translation of evidence-based interventions results in poor execution of, and attrition from, interventions, and this is associated with suboptimal outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Theory-driven quality research informing the successful dissemination and implementation of evidence-based interventions is needed to address lingering evidence-to-practice gaps. Dissemination and implementation research completes the final stage in the research-to-practice pipeline. It seeks to close evidence-to-practice gaps, thereby ensuring speedy application of research evidence to achieve desired public health outcomes while making more efficient use of limited resources. This review introduces sports and exercise medicine and sports physical therapy researchers and stakeholders to key concepts and principles in dissemination and implementation research.
除非加以应用，研究证据所蕴含的知识就会被浪费。尽管许多运动医学、运动物理治疗干预措施的科学证据基础坚实，但在现实世界中的实施以及扩大规模仍是一项持续存在的挑战。传播与实施研究对于为实施伙伴和利益相关者制定基于证据、具有成本效益且因地制宜的策略非常重要，以便他们在公共卫生和临床实践中有效应用并持续采用最佳研究证据。然而，在运动医学和运动物理治疗领域，这一研究领域仍未得到充分探索。运动医学和运动物理治疗中的大多数干预研究在疗效试验阶段就终止了，没有考虑向社区和临床环境转化的最佳实践。缺乏因地制宜的传播和实施策略来推动循证干预措施的转化，会导致干预措施执行不力和人员流失，这与不理想的结果及医疗成本增加有关。需要开展理论驱动的高质量研究，为循证干预措施的成功传播和实施提供信息，以解决长期存在的证据与实践之间的差距。传播与实施研究完成了从研究到实践流程的最后阶段。它旨在弥合证据与实践之间的差距，从而确保迅速应用研究证据以实现预期的公共卫生成果，同时更有效地利用有限资源。本综述向运动医学和运动物理治疗研究人员及利益相关者介绍传播与实施研究中的关键概念和原则。
